Abstract
Efficiency of planting and weeding equipments developed at Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack was compared with traditional method of planting and weeding in relation to biomass yield, water-use efficiency (WUE) and net returns from SRI. The study showed that low plant density and high labour cost of SRI resulted in lower yield (3.77 against 4.52 tonnes/ha) and net returns (₹2 650 against ₹ 9 312/ha) compared to traditional method of cultivation. Mechanized planting and weeding of SRI enhanced its productivity to 4.24 tonnes/ha and profitability to ₹ 12 192/ ha. But it required that age of seedlings is increased from 8 to 16 days and density of hills is increased from 11 to 31/m2 with 4 (instead of single) plants/hill. Among mechanical planters, seeding by sprouted seeds on puddled soil by drum seeder was found to have significantly lower planting cost (₹ 515 against ₹ 1 332/ha) and lower total cost of production (₹ 16 355 against ₹17 767/ha). Average WUE (0.61 kg/m3) and grain yield (4.18 tonnes/ha) in weeded plots was double to un-weeded plots. Average cost of (single) weeding by weeders was ₹ 2 509 against ₹ 5 688/ha of manual weeding. Among the weeders, high efficiency in weed destruction and soil churning by star-cono weeder resulted in highest grain productivity and profitability in its favour.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
SRI yielded 3.77 versus 4.52 tonnes/ha under traditional cultivation.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- SRIe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 3.77 against 4.52 tonnes/hae0
- Comparator
- traditional method of cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low plant density and high labour cost of SRI resulted in lower yield (3.77 against 4.52 tonnes/ha) and net returns (₹2 650 against ₹ 9 312/ha) compared to traditional method of cultivation”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI net returns were ₹2 650 versus ₹ 9 312/ha for traditional cultivation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SRIe0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- ₹2 650 against ₹ 9 312/hae0
- Comparator
- traditional method of cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low plant density and high labour cost of SRI resulted in lower yield (3.77 against 4.52 tonnes/ha) and net returns (₹2 650 against ₹ 9 312/ha) compared to traditional method of cultivation”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanized SRI planting and weeding raised productivity to 4.24 tonnes/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Mechanized planting and weeding of SRIe0
- Outcome
- productivitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 4.24 tonnes/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mechanized planting and weeding of SRI enhanced its productivity to 4.24 tonnes/ha”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanized SRI planting and weeding raised profitability to ₹ 12 192/ ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Mechanized planting and weeding of SRIe0
- Outcome
- profitabilitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- ₹ 12 192/ hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mechanized planting and weeding of SRI enhanced its productivity to 4.24 tonnes/ha and profitability to ₹ 12 192/ ha”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The mechanized system required older seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- age of seedlingse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8 to 16 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“age of seedlings is increased from 8 to 16 days”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The mechanized system required increased hill density.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- density of hillse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11 to 31/m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“density of hills is increased from 11 to 31/m2”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The mechanized system required four rather than one plants per hill.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- plants/hille0
- Value
- 4 (instead of single) plants/hille0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with 4 (instead of single) plants/hill”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drum seeding had lower planting cost than the comparison planter.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seeding by sprouted seeds on puddled soil by drum seedere0
- Outcome
- planting coste0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- ₹ 515 against ₹ 1 332/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeding by sprouted seeds on puddled soil by drum seeder was found to have significantly lower planting cost (₹ 515 against ₹ 1 332/ha)”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drum seeding had lower total production cost.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- seeding by sprouted seeds on puddled soil by drum seedere1
- Outcome
- total cost of productione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- ₹ 16 355 against ₹17 767/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower total cost of production (₹ 16 355 against ₹17 767/ha)”
t0“rice”
e1“seeding by sprouted seeds on puddled soil by drum seeder”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeded plots had double the water use efficiency of unweeded plots, averaging 0.61 kg/m3.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weeded plotse0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- doublee0
- Value
- 0.61 kg/m3e0
- Comparator
- un-weeded plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average WUE (0.61 kg/m3) and grain yield (4.18 tonnes/ha) in weeded plots was double to un-weeded plots”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeded plots had double the grain yield of unweeded plots, averaging 4.18 tonnes/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weeded plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- doublee0
- Value
- 4.18 tonnes/hae0
- Comparator
- un-weeded plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average WUE (0.61 kg/m3) and grain yield (4.18 tonnes/ha) in weeded plots was double to un-weeded plots”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeder operation cost ₹ 2 509 compared with ₹ 5 688/ha for manual weeding.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weeding by weederse0
- Outcome
- cost of (single) weedinge0
- Value
- ₹ 2 509 against ₹ 5 688/hae0
- Comparator
- manual weedinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average cost of (single) weeding by weeders was ₹ 2 509 against ₹ 5 688/ha of manual weeding”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The star-cono weeder produced the highest grain productivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- star-cono weedere0
- Outcome
- grain productivitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high efficiency in weed destruction and soil churning by star-cono weeder resulted in highest grain productivity and profitability in its favour”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The star-cono weeder produced the highest profitability.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- star-cono weedere0
- Outcome
- profitabilitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high efficiency in weed destruction and soil churning by star-cono weeder resulted in highest grain productivity and profitability in its favour”
t0“rice”
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