Abstract
Effective and sustainable strategies to reduce cadmium (Cd) accumulation in leafy vegetables grown on alkaline soils remain limited. Here, mercapto-modified nanosilica (MS) was developed and evaluated for mitigating Cd uptake in pak choi. MS3 exhibited an 11-fold higher Cd adsorption capacity than unmodified nanosilica, attributed to strong chemisorption via mercapto groups. Soil incorporation (0.1% w / w ), irrigation (800 mg·L –1 ), and foliar spraying (100 mg·L –1 ) of MS3 significantly reduced Cd concentrations in edible tissues by 59.9%, 64.7%, and 43.8%, respectively, while increasing leaf biomass by 24.5%–38.1%. Soil- and irrigation-applied MS3 decreased bioavailable Cd and enriched beneficial bacteria ( Lysobacter, Sphingomonas ). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MS3 enhanced Cd detoxification by upregulating photosynthesis and cell wall synthesis genes and modulating transporters (downregulating HIPP and COPT to inhibit Cd uptake, while upregulating HMA5, ABCG40, and MTP to promote vacuolar sequestration). These findings highlight MS3 as a promising nanotechnology for ensuring crop safety in Cd-contaminated alkaline soils.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
MS3 had 11-fold greater Cd adsorption capacity than unmodified nanosilica.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“MS3 exhibited an 11-fold higher Cd adsorption capacity than unmodified nanosilica”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil incorporation (0.1% w / w ) MS3 reduced Cd in edible tissues by 59.9%.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- Soil incorporation (0.1% w / w )e0
- Outcome
- Cd concentrations in edible tissuese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 59.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil incorporation (0.1% w / w ), irrigation (800 mg·L –1 ), and foliar spraying (100 mg·L –1 ) of MS3 significantly reduced Cd concentrations in edible tissues by 59.9%, 64.7%, and 43.8%, respectively”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
irrigation (800 mg·L –1 ) MS3 reduced Cd in edible tissues by 64.7%.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- irrigation (800 mg·L –1 )e0
- Outcome
- Cd concentrations in edible tissuese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 64.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil incorporation (0.1% w / w ), irrigation (800 mg·L –1 ), and foliar spraying (100 mg·L –1 ) of MS3 significantly reduced Cd concentrations in edible tissues by 59.9%, 64.7%, and 43.8%, respectively”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
foliar spraying (100 mg·L –1 ) MS3 reduced Cd in edible tissues by 43.8%.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying (100 mg·L –1 )e0
- Outcome
- Cd concentrations in edible tissuese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 43.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil incorporation (0.1% w / w ), irrigation (800 mg·L –1 ), and foliar spraying (100 mg·L –1 ) of MS3 significantly reduced Cd concentrations in edible tissues by 59.9%, 64.7%, and 43.8%, respectively”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
MS3 increased leaf biomass by 24.5%–38.1%.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- mercapto-modified nanosilicat1
- Outcome
- leaf biomasse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 24.5%–38.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“while increasing leaf biomass by 24.5%–38.1%”
t0“pak choi”
t1“mercapto-modified nanosilica”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-applied MS3 decreased bioavailable Cd.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- Soil- and irrigation-applied MS3e0
- Outcome
- bioavailable Cde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil- and irrigation-applied MS3 decreased bioavailable Cd”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil- and irrigation-applied MS3 enriched beneficial bacteria.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- Soil- and irrigation-applied MS3e0
- Interactor
- Lysobacter
Lysobactere0symbiont - Second interactor
- Sphingomonas
Sphingomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- beneficial bacteriae0
- Direction
- enrichede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil- and irrigation-applied MS3 decreased bioavailable Cd and enriched beneficial bacteria ( Lysobacter, Sphingomonas )”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
MS3 upregulated photosynthesis and cell wall synthesis genes.
- Taxon
- pak choit0
- Treatment
- MS3e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis and cell wall synthesis genese0
- Direction
- upregulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MS3 enhanced Cd detoxification by upregulating photosynthesis and cell wall synthesis genes”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
MS3 downregulated HIPP and COPT to inhibit Cd uptake.
Verbatim
e0“downregulating HIPP and COPT to inhibit Cd uptake”
t0“pak choi”
Claim · model-written summary
MS3 upregulated HMA5, ABCG40 and MTP to promote vacuolar sequestration.
Verbatim
e0“upregulating HMA5, ABCG40, and MTP to promote vacuolar sequestration”
t0“pak choi”
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