Abstract
In order to study the effects of biofertilizers on quantity and quality of essential oil in fennel containing essential oil content and anethole content, fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil, an experiment was conducted at Hamand Research station in Damavand in 2005 and 2006. The factors were mycorrhizal inoculation (inoculated and non-inoculated), phosphatic biofertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg/ha) and vermicompost (0, 5 , 10 ton/ha). The experiment design was factorial experiment in the base of randomized complete blocks design with eighteen treatments and three replications. In addition, one plot was allocated to control in each replication and only chemical fertilizers (NPK: 90, 60 and 90 kg/ha) were used. Data obtained from control plots were used for comparing other plots. Mean comparison was carried out using Duncan multiple range test (at 5% level). Results showed that the highest essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil and the lowest fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil were obtained with mycorrhiza treatment. Phosphatic biofertilizer also showed significant effects on essential oil content and anethole and limonene contents in essential oil (except fenchone content). The maximum essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil were related to the plots with consumption of 60 kg/ha. The lowest limonene content in essential oil was obtained with consumption of 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer. The highest essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil and minimum fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil were obtained with consumption of 10 ton/ha vermicompost. Comparison of control versus biofertilizer treatments was significant, as two biofertilizer treatments include inoculation with mycorrhiza, application of 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost and inoculation with mycorrhiza and application of 60 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost in relation to quantity and quality of essential oil were better than control.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza gave the highest fennel seed essential oil and anethole contents.
- Taxon
- FENNEL
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=60)
Anethum foeniculumt0 - Treatment
- mycorrhiza treatmente0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oile0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the highest essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil and the lowest fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil were obtained with mycorrhiza treatment”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza gave the lowest fenchone and limonene contents in fennel essential oil.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhiza treatmente0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- fenchone content and limonene content in essential oile0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil and the lowest fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil were obtained with mycorrhiza treatment”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphatic biofertilizer significantly affected fennel essential oil, anethole and limonene contents.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Phosphatic biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- essential oil content and anethole and limonene contents in essential oile0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphatic biofertilizer also showed significant effects on essential oil content and anethole and limonene contents in essential oil (except fenchone content).”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphatic biofertilizer did not significantly affect fennel fenchone content.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Phosphatic biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- fenchone contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphatic biofertilizer also showed significant effects on essential oil content and anethole and limonene contents in essential oil (except fenchone content).”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer rate gave the maximum fennel seed essential oil and anethole contents.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- 60 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oile0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil were related to the plots with consumption of 60 kg/ha.”
e1“phosphatic biofertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg/ha)”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
The 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer rate gave the lowest fennel limonene content.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- limonene content in essential oile0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest limonene content in essential oil was obtained with consumption of 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer.”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 ton/ha vermicompost rate gave the highest fennel seed essential oil and anethole contents.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- 10 ton/ha vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oile0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil and minimum fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil were obtained with consumption of 10 ton/ha vermicompost.”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 ton/ha vermicompost rate gave minimum fennel fenchone and limonene contents.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- 10 ton/ha vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- fenchone content and limonene content in essential oile0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest essential oil content in seed and anethole content in essential oil and minimum fenchone content and limonene content in essential oil were obtained with consumption of 10 ton/ha vermicompost.”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza plus 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost gave better fennel essential oil quantity and quality than control.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation with mycorrhiza, application of 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicomposte0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- quantity and quality of essential oile0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comparison of control versus biofertilizer treatments was significant, as two biofertilizer treatments include inoculation with mycorrhiza, application of 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost and inoculation with mycorrhiza and application of 60 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost in relation to quantity and quality of essential oil were better than control.”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza plus 60 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost gave better fennel essential oil quantity and quality than control.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation with mycorrhiza and application of 60 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicomposte0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- quantity and quality of essential oile0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comparison of control versus biofertilizer treatments was significant, as two biofertilizer treatments include inoculation with mycorrhiza, application of 30 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost and inoculation with mycorrhiza and application of 60 kg/ha phosphatic biofertilizer and 10 ton/ha vermicompost in relation to quantity and quality of essential oil were better than control.”
t0“FENNEL”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.