Abstract
Light exposure during cultivation can alter the concentration of bioactive compound in strawberries. This study employs engineered lighting using white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and conventional sunlight in a controlled indoor environment to determine the effects on the physicochemical properties of three strawberry cultivars: “Haruhi,” “KS75,” and “Sakura,” which originated from Japan by cross-breeding. The results showed that the exposure of white LED significantly affects the physicochemical characteristics of all three cultivars. In particular, “Sakura” exhibited an increase in flavonoid content, fresh fruit weight, and moisture content. Independent statistical analysis of each cultivar revealed that pH (3.91), fruit color (54.41 C*ab), and antioxidant activity (0.72%) were predominantly associated with “Sakura.” Meanwhile, vitamin C content (59.40 mg 100 g−1) and dry fruit weight (14.50 g plant−1) were highest in “KS75,” whereas total phenol content (0.451 mg g−1) was most prominent in “Haruhi.” These results provide valuable references for plant breeding efforts to develop new strawberry cultivars with enhanced nutritional quality, adapted to tropical climates.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
White LED exposure significantly affected physicochemical characteristics in all three strawberry cultivars.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- exposure of white LEDe0
- Outcome
- physicochemical characteristicse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the exposure of white LED significantly affects the physicochemical characteristics of all three cultivars.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
In Sakura, white LED exposure increased flavonoid content.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Sakurae0
- Treatment
- white LEDt1
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In particular, “Sakura” exhibited an increase in flavonoid content, fresh fruit weight, and moisture content.”
t0“strawberry”
t1“white LED”
Claim · model-written summary
In Sakura, white LED exposure increased fresh fruit weight.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Sakurae0
- Treatment
- white LEDt1
- Outcome
- fresh fruit weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In particular, “Sakura” exhibited an increase in flavonoid content, fresh fruit weight, and moisture content.”
t0“strawberry”
t1“white LED”
Claim · model-written summary
In Sakura, white LED exposure increased moisture content.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Sakurae0
- Treatment
- white LEDt1
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In particular, “Sakura” exhibited an increase in flavonoid content, fresh fruit weight, and moisture content.”
t0“strawberry”
t1“white LED”
Claim · model-written summary
pH was predominantly associated with Sakura (3.91).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Sakurae0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- predominantly associatede0
- Value
- 3.91e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pH (3.91), fruit color (54.41 C*ab), and antioxidant activity (0.72%) were predominantly associated with “Sakura.””
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
fruit color was predominantly associated with Sakura (54.41 C*ab).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Sakurae0
- Outcome
- fruit colore0
- Direction
- predominantly associatede0
- Value
- 54.41 C*abe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pH (3.91), fruit color (54.41 C*ab), and antioxidant activity (0.72%) were predominantly associated with “Sakura.””
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
antioxidant activity was predominantly associated with Sakura (0.72%).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Sakurae0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- predominantly associatede0
- Value
- 0.72%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pH (3.91), fruit color (54.41 C*ab), and antioxidant activity (0.72%) were predominantly associated with “Sakura.””
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
vitamin C content was highest in KS75 (59.40 mg 100 g−1).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- KS75e0
- Outcome
- vitamin C contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 59.40 mg 100 g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vitamin C content (59.40 mg 100 g−1) and dry fruit weight (14.50 g plant−1) were highest in “KS75,””
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
dry fruit weight was highest in KS75 (14.50 g plant−1).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- KS75e0
- Outcome
- dry fruit weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 14.50 g plant−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vitamin C content (59.40 mg 100 g−1) and dry fruit weight (14.50 g plant−1) were highest in “KS75,””
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenol content was most prominent in Haruhi (0.451 mg g−1).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Haruhie0
- Outcome
- total phenol contente0
- Direction
- most prominente0
- Value
- 0.451 mg g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total phenol content (0.451 mg g−1) was most prominent in “Haruhi.””
t0“strawberry”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.