Abstract
Straw return with microbial agents and nitrogen fertilizer is a promising strategy for improving soil nutrient supply and productivity. However, the impact of this strategy on tobacco yield and the soil microbiome within tobacco-rice rotation systems remains unclear. A five-year field experiment was conducted to compare this integrated straw return approach, termed ammoniated-decomposed rice straw return (ADS), with conventional crushed rice straw return (CS) and rice straw removal (CK). Results showed that ADS significantly increased the five-year average tobacco yield by 7.07% compared to CK and enhanced yield stability by reducing the coefficient of variation by 21.63%. Straw incorporation primarily reshaped the fungal community, enriching key phyla such as Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota. Functional predictions suggested that ADS reduced the relative abundance of potential plant pathogens, whereas CS increased them. Furthermore, co-occurrence network analysis revealed that ADS exhibited a higher relative abundance of module hubs in both bacterial and fungal networks. The abundance of these module hubs was significantly positively correlated with tobacco yield and soil nutrient availability in 2024. Overall, ADS represents a practical residue management strategy for tobacco-rice rotation systems. It consistently improved tobacco yield and yield stability and was associated with higher soil nutrient availability and yield-associated microbial network features. ● ADS significantly boosted tobacco yield by 7.07% and enhanced yield stability. ● Straw return shifted bacterial structure without changing bacterial richness. ● Fungal diversity and composition responded strongly; CS had the highest α-diversity. ● ADS enriched microbial network module hubs linked to higher yield and soil nutrients.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
ADS increased five-year mean tobacco yield by 7.07% relative to straw removal.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- ADSe0
- Outcome
- tobacco yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.07%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADS significantly increased the five-year average tobacco yield by 7.07% compared to CK”
Claim · model-written summary
ADS improved yield stability, lowering the coefficient of variation by 21.63%.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- coefficient of variatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 21.63%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced yield stability by reducing the coefficient of variation by 21.63%”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw incorporation changed the fungal community and enriched Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Straw incorporatione0
- Interactor
- MortierellomycotaMortierellomycotae0other
- Second interactor
- BasidiomycotaBasidiomycotae0other
- Outcome
- fungal communitye0
- Direction
- enrichinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw incorporation primarily reshaped the fungal community, enriching key phyla such as Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota.”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional predictions indicated fewer potential plant pathogens under ADS.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- ADSe0
- Outcome
- relative abundance of potential plant pathogense0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADS reduced the relative abundance of potential plant pathogens”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional predictions indicated more potential plant pathogens under conventional crushed straw return.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- CSe0
- Outcome
- potential plant pathogense0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Functional predictions suggested that ADS reduced the relative abundance of potential plant pathogens, whereas CS increased them.”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
ADS had a higher relative abundance of module hubs in bacterial and fungal networks.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- relative abundance of module hubse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADS exhibited a higher relative abundance of module hubs in both bacterial and fungal networks”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Module hub abundance was positively correlated with tobacco yield.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- tobacco yielde0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- module hubse0
- Setting
- 2024e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of these module hubs was significantly positively correlated with tobacco yield and soil nutrient availability in 2024.”
Claim · model-written summary
Module hub abundance was positively correlated with soil nutrient availability.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- soil nutrient availabilitye0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- module hubse0
- Setting
- 2024e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of these module hubs was significantly positively correlated with tobacco yield and soil nutrient availability in 2024.”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw return changed bacterial structure without changing richness.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Straw returne0
- Outcome
- bacterial structuree0
- Direction
- shiftede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw return shifted bacterial structure without changing bacterial richness.”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw return did not change bacterial richness.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Straw returne0
- Outcome
- bacterial richnesse0
- Direction
- without changinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw return shifted bacterial structure without changing bacterial richness.”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional straw return had the highest fungal alpha diversity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- α-diversitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CS had the highest α-diversity”
t0“tobacco yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend ADS as a practical residue management strategy in tobacco-rice rotation.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- practical residue management strategye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADS represents a practical residue management strategy for tobacco-rice rotation systems”
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