Abstract
With climate change causing more extreme weather, plant factories with artificial lighting (PFAL) are becoming a practical solution for consistent and cost-effective transplant production. The objectives of this study to identify the optimal light intensity (200, 300, and 400 μmol∙m −2 s −1 ) and photoperiod (12, 16, and 20 h d −1 ) combination for growth and morphological traits. In addition, the research was to evaluate the effects of light stress, with low light (LL) at photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) 50 μmol∙m −2 s −1 and high light (HL) at PPFD 600 μmol∙m −2 s −1 , on cucumber transplant production after graft union formation in PFAL with white LEDs. The assessment of female flowering was performed over 21 days in a semi-closed greenhouse using three grafted cucumber cultivars (rootstock: Cucurbita ficifolia ‘Heukjong'): ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi,' ‘Nakwonseongcheongjang,' and ‘Shinsedae.' Longer photoperiods at the same light intensity increased the compactness of all three cucumber cultivars. Optimal cultivation conditions with aspects of growth and morphological traits were 16H-300L for ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi' and ‘Shinsedae,' and 16H-300L and 20H-300L for ‘Nakwonseongcheongjang.' All grafted cucumber transplants were more affected by LL and HL exposure in later stages just before production of transplanting time. Therefore, special care is needed to avoid LL and HL damage, particularly prior to shipping. The ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi' produced fewer female flowers per node under treatment conditions compared to the reference groups (grown all in a semi-closed greenhouse). Interestingly, the female flowers of ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi' appeared more sensitive to the differences between sunlight and white LEDs compared to other cultivars. Results indicate the potential application of the plant factories as a nursery production to determine lighting manipulation and reduce light stress risks in cucumber transplant production under climate change.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Longer photoperiods increased compactness in all three cucumber cultivars at a fixed light intensity.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Longer photoperiodse0
- Outcome
- compactnesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the same light intensitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Longer photoperiods at the same light intensity increased the compactness of all three cucumber cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal growth and morphology condition for Goodmorningbaekdadagi was 16H-300L.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Goodmorningbaekdadagie0
- Outcome
- Optimal cultivation conditionse0
- Value
- 16H-300Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimal cultivation conditions with aspects of growth and morphological traits were 16H-300L for ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi”
t0“grafted cucumber transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal growth and morphology condition for Shinsedae was 16H-300L.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Shinsedaee0
- Outcome
- 16H-300Le0
- Value
- 16H-300Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“16H-300L for ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi' and ‘Shinsedae”
t0“grafted cucumber transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nakwonseongcheongjang had optimal growth and morphology under 16H-300L and 20H-300L.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Nakwonseongcheongjange0
- Outcome
- 16H-300L and 20H-300Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“16H-300L and 20H-300L for ‘Nakwonseongcheongjang”
t0“grafted cucumber transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted cucumber transplants were more affected by low and high light late in production.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- LL and HL exposuree0
- Outcome
- grafted cucumber transplantse0
- Direction
- more affectede0
- Qualifier
- later stages just before production of transplanting timee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All grafted cucumber transplants were more affected by LL and HL exposure in later stages just before production of transplanting time.”
Claim · model-written summary
Goodmorningbaekdadagi produced fewer female flowers per node under treatment than greenhouse reference groups.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Goodmorningbaekdadagie0
- Treatment
- treatment conditionse0
- Outcome
- female flowers per nodee0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- reference groupse0
- Setting
- semi-closed greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi' produced fewer female flowers per node under treatment conditions compared to the reference groups (grown all in a semi-closed greenhouse).”
t0“grafted cucumber transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
Goodmorningbaekdadagi female flowers were more sensitive to sunlight versus white LEDs than other cultivars.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Goodmorningbaekdadagie0
- Organ / stage
- female flowerse0
- Outcome
- sensitive to the differences between sunlight and white LEDse0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- other cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the female flowers of ‘Goodmorningbaekdadagi' appeared more sensitive to the differences between sunlight and white LEDs compared to other cultivars”
t0“grafted cucumber transplants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend avoiding low- and high-light damage before shipping.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- avoid LL and HL damagee0
- Qualifier
- particularly prior to shippinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“special care is needed to avoid LL and HL damage, particularly prior to shipping”
t0“grafted cucumber transplants”
The same questions in other papers
light · organism · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.