Abstract
Improving the yield and quality characteristics of guava is the major concern for guava growers during rainy seasons. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of synthetic derivatives of cytokinin (CPPU) and auxin (NAA) for enhancing yield and quality of guava. The experiment consists of ten treatments viz.; CPPU 5 ppm, CPPU 10 ppm, CPPU 15 ppm, NAA 20 ppm, NAA 30 ppm, NAA 40 ppm, CPPU 5 ppm + NAA 20 ppm, CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm, CPPU 15 ppm + NAA 40 ppm and control (water spray) with three replications in a randomized complete block design. The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1), while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control. Similarly, the same treatment CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control. Overall, it can be concluded that plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm showed a significant improvement in the yield and quality of guava, followed by CPPU 10 ppm as compared to the control.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit set by 60.13% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajava
Psidium guajavat0 - Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit sete1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 60.13%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit retention by 60.53% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit retentione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 60.53%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit firmness to 118.21 N compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 118.21 Ne1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit weight to 205.77 g compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 205.77 ge1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit length to 13.87 cm compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 13.87 cme1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit diameter to 96.58 mm compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit diametere1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 96.58 mme1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit volume to 251.23 ml compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit volumee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 251.23 mle1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit yield per plant to 31.21 kg compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit yield per plante1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 31.21 kg plant− 1e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm increased fruit yield per hectare to 86.45 q ha−1 compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit yield per hectaree1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 86.45 q ha− 1e1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e1“significantly increased the fruit set (60.13%), fruit retention (60.53%), fruit firmness (118.21 N), fruit weight (205.77 g), fruit length (13.87 cm), fruit diameter (96.58 mm), fruit volume (251.23 ml), fruit yield per plant (31.21 kg plant− 1), and fruit yield per hectare (86.45 q ha− 1)”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm reduced fruit drop by 39.47% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit drope2
- Direction
- reducinge2
- Value
- 39.47%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e2“while reducing fruit drop (39.47%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm recorded maximum total soluble solids of 14.76% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 14.76%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e3“recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm recorded maximum TSS:acid ratio of 54.67 compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- TSS: acid ratioe3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 54.67e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e3“recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm recorded maximum pectin of 2.10% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- pectine3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 2.10%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e3“recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm recorded maximum vitamin C of 287.45 mg/100 g pulp compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- vitamin Ce3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 287.45 mg/100 g pulpe3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e3“recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm recorded maximum total sugars of 8.08% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- total sugarse3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 8.08%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e3“recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm reduced titratable acidity by 0.27% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Material
- cv. Shwetat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppme0
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 0.27%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e0“The plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm”
e3“recorded maximum total soluble solids (14.76%), TSS: acid ratio (54.67), pectin (2.10% calcium pectate), vitamin C (287.45 mg/100 g pulp), total sugars (8.08%) and reduced titratable acidity (0.27%) compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
CPPU 10 ppm alone gave a significant improvement in yield and quality of guava, below that of CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm, compared with control.
- Taxon
- Psidium guajavaPsidium guajavat0
- Treatment
- CPPU 10 ppme4
- Outcome
- yield and qualitye4
- Direction
- improvemente4
- Qualifier
- followed by CPPU 10 ppme4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Shweta”
e4“plants sprayed with CPPU 10 ppm + NAA 30 ppm showed a significant improvement in the yield and quality of guava, followed by CPPU 10 ppm as compared to the control”
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