Abstract
The investigation was conducted during the 2023 and 2024 seasons on Wonderful pomegranate trees grown in a private orchard located 65 km along the Cairo–Alexandria Desert Road, Egypt. Trees were planted in sandy loam soil at 3 × 4 m spacing and irrigated using a saline drip irrigation system (5280 ppm). The study aimed to evaluate the effects of different irrigation levels and potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄) foliar sprays on yield, fruit quality, and irrigation water productivity. Three irrigation regimes were applied: full irrigation at 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) (6247 m³), and reduced irrigation water (RIW) to 80% and 60% of ETc during two application periods: August–October and September–October. Potassium sulfate was sprayed in August at concentrations of 0%, 2%, and 4% per tree in combination with irrigation treatments. Results showed that full irrigation at 100% of ETc combined with 4% K₂SO₄ produced the highest yield, fruit weight, fruit dimensions, peel and aril weight, and juice volume. The treatment of RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄ achieved the highest irrigation water productivity, total phenols, maturation index, and enhanced anthocyanin content in peel and juice, while reducing juice acidity. RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄ reduced fruit cracking and improved total soluble solids and anthocyanin content, but lowered total yield. Overall, moderately reducing irrigation with potassium sulfate spray represents an efficient management strategy for improving fruit quality while maintaining acceptable yield and irrigation water productivity under arid conditions.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Full irrigation with 4% K₂SO₄ gave highest yield, fruit weight and dimensions.
- Taxon
- Pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Treatment
- full irrigation at 100% of ETc combined with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- yield, fruit weight, fruit dimensionse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“full irrigation at 100% of ETc combined with 4% K₂SO₄ produced the highest yield, fruit weight, fruit dimensions, peel and aril weight, and juice volume.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Full irrigation with 4% K₂SO₄ gave highest peel and aril weight and juice volume.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- full irrigation at 100% of ETc combined with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- peel and aril weight, and juice volumee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“full irrigation at 100% of ETc combined with 4% K₂SO₄ produced the highest yield, fruit weight, fruit dimensions, peel and aril weight, and juice volume.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
August–October 80% ETc irrigation with 4% K₂SO₄ gave highest water productivity, phenols and maturation index.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivity, total phenols, maturation indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄ achieved the highest irrigation water productivity, total phenols, maturation index, and enhanced anthocyanin content in peel and juice, while reducing juice acidity.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
That 80% ETc regime enhanced anthocyanin in peel and juice.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin content in peel and juicee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄ achieved the highest irrigation water productivity, total phenols, maturation index, and enhanced anthocyanin content in peel and juice, while reducing juice acidity.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
That 80% ETc regime reduced juice acidity.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- juice aciditye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RIW to 80% of ETc applied from August to October with 4% K₂SO₄ achieved the highest irrigation water productivity, total phenols, maturation index, and enhanced anthocyanin content in peel and juice, while reducing juice acidity.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60% ETc regime with 4% K₂SO₄ reduced fruit cracking.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- fruit crackinge0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄ reduced fruit cracking and improved total soluble solids and anthocyanin content, but lowered total yield.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60% ETc regime with 4% K₂SO₄ improved soluble solids and anthocyanin.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- total soluble solids and anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄ reduced fruit cracking and improved total soluble solids and anthocyanin content, but lowered total yield.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60% ETc regime with 4% K₂SO₄ lowered total yield.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄e0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RIW to 60% of ETc with 4% K₂SO₄ reduced fruit cracking and improved total soluble solids and anthocyanin content, but lowered total yield.”
t0“Pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors favor moderate irrigation reduction with potassium spray for fruit quality and acceptable yield.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Outcome
- moderately reducing irrigation with potassium sulfate spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderately reducing irrigation with potassium sulfate spray represents an efficient management strategy for improving fruit quality while maintaining acceptable yield and irrigation water productivity under arid conditions.”
t0“Pomegranate”
The same questions in other papers
potassium sulfate · yield · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium sulfate · physiology: water · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium sulfate · quality: sugar starch · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
potassium sulfate · quality: phytochemicals · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →irrigation · quality: sugar starch · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →irrigation · physiology: water · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →irrigation · yield · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →irrigation · quality: phytochemicals · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.