Abstract
This investigation was carried out during 2010 and 2011 growing seasons on ten years old Arabi pomegranatetrees, grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation in a private farm located at Alexandria-Matrouh road (about80Km from Alex.). The experiment was designed to study the effects of different rates from soil conditioners, Hundz soil, ( 0.0,0.5 and 10Kg /tree) or mixture from (Nile fertile + K2SO4) [Zero, (2Kg + 500gm) and (1Kg + 250gm)] under irrigation levels at 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended water level (5.5, 8.25 and 11m3 /tree /year ) as well as their interactions on growth, leaf component, flowering,fruiting, yield and fruit quality during both seasons. The results indicated that the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced vegetative growth, fruit set, yield as well as leaf NPK content and fruit quality (fruit weight, diameter, length, TSS, anthocyanine and V.C.) while fruit acidity and tannins content decreased. Moreover, application of either Hundz soil at rate of 10kg /tree or the mixture of (NF + K2SO4) at highest rate (2Kg + 500gm) gave significantly the highest mean values of the above mentioned characters during the two seasons. Comparing with trees irrigated with11m3/tree/year level, adding Hundz soil at 10Kg /tree under irrigation treatment 8.25m3/tree /year gave similar effect on improving all growth characters, fruit set, yield and fruit quality except fruit diameter and V.C. Similar results were found with high rate of the mixture (2Kg NF+500gm K2SO4) with the same level of irrigation on all characters except acidity.Date also indicated that the application of Hz soil combined with mixture of (NF+K2SO4) at both highestlevels for each of them and irrigated with moderate irrigation level 8.25m3 /tree /year gave best growth andproduced higher fruit quality as compared with trees irrigated with 100% from recommended water level.Similar effects of combinations between high rate of both Hundz soil and the mixture of Nilefertile + K2SO4 under least irrigation treatments 5.5 m3 /tree/year on the previous characters of fruit. Data indicated generally that the best treatment combination was gained from using highest irrigation level (11m3 /tree /year) and 10Kg /tree Hundz soil + 2Kg /tree Nile Fertile + 500gm K2SO4which resulted in the highest values for all vegetative growth characters, leaf N P K, chlorophyll and RWC, yield and all fruit quality except leaf proline, juice tannins and acidity in both seasons. It could be recommended to apply 2Kg /tree Hundz soil combined with 2Kg NF + 500 gm K2SO4 with irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year to obtain highest production with good quality of pomegranate fruits as well as to apply 2Kg /tree Hundz soil with 2Kg NF + 500 K2SO4under irrigation 8.25m3 /tree /year or 5.5m3 /tree /year for saving about 25% – 50% of water to achieve the same yield and fruit quality according to the availability of water, especially in the new reclaimed area.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation enhanced vegetative growth and fruit set.
- Taxon
- Pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Treatment
- 11m3 /tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, fruit sete0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced vegetative growth, fruit set, yield as well as leaf NPK content and fruit quality”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation enhanced yield.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 11m3 /tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced vegetative growth, fruit set, yield”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation enhanced leaf NPK content.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 11m3 /tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- leaf NPK contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced vegetative growth, fruit set, yield as well as leaf NPK content”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation enhanced fruit size and quality traits.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 11m3 /tree /yeare1
- Outcome
- fruit weight, diameter, lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit quality (fruit weight, diameter, length, TSS, anthocyanine and V.C.)”
e1“the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced vegetative growth, fruit set, yield as well as leaf NPK content and fruit quality”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation enhanced fruit TSS, anthocyanine, and vitamin C.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 11m3 /tree /yeare1
- Outcome
- TSS, anthocyanine and V.C.e0
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit quality (fruit weight, diameter, length, TSS, anthocyanine and V.C.)”
e1“the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced vegetative growth, fruit set, yield as well as leaf NPK content and fruit quality”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation decreased fruit acidity and tannins.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 11m3 /tree /yeare1
- Outcome
- fruit acidity and tannins contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while fruit acidity and tannins content decreased”
e1“the highest irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year enhanced”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest Hundz soil rate significantly maximized the mentioned growth, yield, and quality characters.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Hundz soil at rate of 10kg /treee0
- Outcome
- highest mean values of the above mentioned characterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of either Hundz soil at rate of 10kg /tree or the mixture of (NF + K2SO4) at highest rate (2Kg + 500gm) gave significantly the highest mean values of the above mentioned characters”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest NF plus K2SO4 rate significantly maximized the mentioned characters.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- mixture of (NF + K2SO4) at highest rate (2Kg + 500gm)e0
- Outcome
- highest mean values of the above mentioned characterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of either Hundz soil at rate of 10kg /tree or the mixture of (NF + K2SO4) at highest rate (2Kg + 500gm) gave significantly the highest mean values of the above mentioned characters”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Hundz soil at 8.25m3 irrigation matched high irrigation for growth, fruit set, yield, and most fruit quality traits, except diameter and vitamin C.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Hundz soil at 10Kg /tree under irrigation treatment 8.25m3/tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- all growth characters, fruit set, yield and fruit qualitye0
- Direction
- similar effecte0
- Qualifier
- except fruit diameter and V.C.e0
- Comparator
- trees irrigated with11m3/tree/year levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding Hundz soil at 10Kg /tree under irrigation treatment 8.25m3/tree /year gave similar effect on improving all growth characters, fruit set, yield and fruit quality except fruit diameter and V.C.”
e1“Comparing with trees irrigated with11m3/tree/year level”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
High NF plus K2SO4 at moderate irrigation gave similar results except for acidity.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- high rate of the mixture (2Kg NF+500gm K2SO4)e0
- Outcome
- all characterse0
- Direction
- Similar resultse0
- Qualifier
- except aciditye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were found with high rate of the mixture (2Kg NF+500gm K2SO4) with the same level of irrigation on all characters except acidity.”
e1“under irrigation treatment 8.25m3/tree /year”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined highest conditioner rates at moderate irrigation gave best growth and higher fruit quality than full irrigation.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Hz soil combined with mixture of (NF+K2SO4) at both highestlevels for each of them and irrigated with moderate irrigation level 8.25m3 /tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- growth andproduced higher fruit qualitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- trees irrigated with 100% from recommended water levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of Hz soil combined with mixture of (NF+K2SO4) at both highestlevels for each of them and irrigated with moderate irrigation level 8.25m3 /tree /year gave best growth andproduced higher fruit quality as compared with trees irrigated with 100% from recommended water level”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest irrigation plus the highest combined conditioners gave the highest growth, leaf physiology, yield, and fruit quality values, except proline, tannins, and acidity.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- highest irrigation level (11m3 /tree /year) and 10Kg /tree Hundz soil + 2Kg /tree Nile Fertile + 500gm K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- all vegetative growth characters, leaf N P K, chlorophyll and RWC, yield and all fruit qualitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- except leaf proline, juice tannins and aciditye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using highest irrigation level (11m3 /tree /year) and 10Kg /tree Hundz soil + 2Kg /tree Nile Fertile + 500gm K2SO4which resulted in the highest values for all vegetative growth characters, leaf N P K, chlorophyll and RWC, yield and all fruit quality except leaf proline, juice tannins and acidity”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a conditioner combination with full irrigation for highest production and good fruit quality.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 2Kg /tree Hundz soil combined with 2Kg NF + 500 gm K2SO4 with irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- highest production with good quality of pomegranate fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It could be recommended to apply 2Kg /tree Hundz soil combined with 2Kg NF + 500 gm K2SO4 with irrigation level of 11m3 /tree /year to obtain highest production with good quality of pomegranate fruits”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend conditioner combinations at reduced irrigation to save 25% – 50% water while achieving similar yield and fruit quality.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 2Kg /tree Hundz soil with 2Kg NF + 500 K2SO4under irrigation 8.25m3 /tree /year or 5.5m3 /tree /yeare0
- Outcome
- saving about 25% – 50% of water to achieve the same yield and fruit qualitye0
- Value
- 25% – 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apply 2Kg /tree Hundz soil with 2Kg NF + 500 K2SO4under irrigation 8.25m3 /tree /year or 5.5m3 /tree /year for saving about 25% – 50% of water to achieve the same yield and fruit quality”
t0“Pomegranate Trees”
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