Abstract
ABSTRACT Global seasonal heat and drought have become the main limiting factors affecting maize growth and grain yield. Huanong138 (HN138) and Zhengdan958 (ZD958) were used as the experimental material. The greenhouse experiment was conducted to uncover tassels and ear morphological development and grain fertility rate of maize under three stressors (heat (H), drought (D), and heat + drought (H + D)) at tasselling for 14 days. On average of the two hybrids, grain yield decreased by 17.3%, 31.2% and 45.4% in H, D and H + D, respectively, compared with CK. The grain fertility rate of stress treatments significantly reduced by 11.6%–28.7% under natural pollination (H♀ × H♂, D♀ × D♂), and reduced by 6.7%–24.7% under the condition of positive pollination (CK♂ × H or/and D♀), while reduced by 24.2%–48.9% under the condition of reverse pollination (CK♀ × H or/and D♂) than control, respectively. Moreover, pollen quantity, total spikelet number and density of tassels, silk viability significantly decreased, while anthesis silking interval was prolonged by 0.5–3.4 days in two genotypes under individual and combined stress than control. Individual and combined stress treatments suppressed grain sucrose metabolism via coordinated downregulation of sucrose synthase (SS) by 16.1%–59.2% and sucrose‐phosphate synthase (SPS) activities by 2.6%–44.9% in developing grains, concomitantly triggering sucrose translocation to leaves and stalk, suggesting source‐sink redistribution under stress constraints. Notably, the reduction of grain yield mainly resulted from stunted pollen development and limited sugar transport. These provided a strategy for future selected hybrids with the shorter ASI, higher pollen viability and quantity adapting well to climate change.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Heat reduced maize grain yield by 17.3% compared with the control.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“On average of the two hybrids, grain yield decreased by 17.3%, 31.2% and 45.4% in H, D and H + D, respectively, compared with CK”
e2“The greenhouse experiment was conducted to uncover tassels and ear morphological development and grain fertility rate of maize under three stressors (heat (H), drought (D), and heat + drought (H + D)) at tasselling for 14 days”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced maize grain yield by 31.2% compared with the control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“On average of the two hybrids, grain yield decreased by 17.3%, 31.2% and 45.4% in H, D and H + D, respectively, compared with CK”
e2“The greenhouse experiment was conducted to uncover tassels and ear morphological development and grain fertility rate of maize under three stressors (heat (H), drought (D), and heat + drought (H + D)) at tasselling for 14 days”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined heat and drought reduced maize grain yield by 45.4% compared with the control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“On average of the two hybrids, grain yield decreased by 17.3%, 31.2% and 45.4% in H, D and H + D, respectively, compared with CK”
e2“The greenhouse experiment was conducted to uncover tassels and ear morphological development and grain fertility rate of maize under three stressors (heat (H), drought (D), and heat + drought (H + D)) at tasselling for 14 days”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under natural pollination, stress reduced the maize grain fertility rate by 11.6–28.7% compared with control.
- Treatment
- stress treatmentse3
- Outcome
- grain fertility ratee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 11.6%–28.7%e3
- Qualifier
- under natural pollinatione3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The grain fertility rate of stress treatments significantly reduced by 11.6%–28.7% under natural pollination (H♀ × H♂, D♀ × D♂), and reduced by 6.7%–24.7% under the condition of positive pollination (CK♂ × H or/and D♀), while reduced by 24.2%–48.9% under the condition of reverse pollination (CK♀ × H or/and D♂) than control, respectively”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under positive pollination, stress reduced the maize grain fertility rate by 6.7–24.7% compared with control.
- Treatment
- stress treatmentse3
- Outcome
- grain fertility ratee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 6.7%–24.7%e3
- Qualifier
- under the condition of positive pollinatione3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The grain fertility rate of stress treatments significantly reduced by 11.6%–28.7% under natural pollination (H♀ × H♂, D♀ × D♂), and reduced by 6.7%–24.7% under the condition of positive pollination (CK♂ × H or/and D♀), while reduced by 24.2%–48.9% under the condition of reverse pollination (CK♀ × H or/and D♂) than control, respectively”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under reverse pollination, stress reduced the maize grain fertility rate by 24.2–48.9% compared with control.
- Treatment
- stress treatmentse3
- Outcome
- grain fertility ratee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 24.2%–48.9%e3
- Qualifier
- under the condition of reverse pollinatione3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The grain fertility rate of stress treatments significantly reduced by 11.6%–28.7% under natural pollination (H♀ × H♂, D♀ × D♂), and reduced by 6.7%–24.7% under the condition of positive pollination (CK♂ × H or/and D♀), while reduced by 24.2%–48.9% under the condition of reverse pollination (CK♀ × H or/and D♂) than control, respectively”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined stress decreased pollen quantity, total spikelet number and tassel density of maize.
- Treatment
- individual and combined stresse4
- Outcome
- pollen quantity, total spikelet number and density of tasselse4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Moreover, pollen quantity, total spikelet number and density of tassels, silk viability significantly decreased, while anthesis silking interval was prolonged by 0.5–3.4 days in two genotypes under individual and combined stress than control”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined stress decreased maize silk viability.
- Treatment
- individual and combined stresse4
- Outcome
- silk viabilitye4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Moreover, pollen quantity, total spikelet number and density of tassels, silk viability significantly decreased, while anthesis silking interval was prolonged by 0.5–3.4 days in two genotypes under individual and combined stress than control”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined stress prolonged the maize anthesis silking interval by 0.5–3.4 days.
- Treatment
- individual and combined stresse4
- Outcome
- anthesis silking intervale4
- Direction
- prolongede4
- Value
- 0.5–3.4 dayse4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Moreover, pollen quantity, total spikelet number and density of tassels, silk viability significantly decreased, while anthesis silking interval was prolonged by 0.5–3.4 days in two genotypes under individual and combined stress than control”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined stress reduced grain sucrose synthase activity by 16.1–59.2%.
- Treatment
- Individual and combined stress treatmentse5
- Outcome
- sucrose synthase (SS)e5
- Direction
- downregulatione5
- Value
- 16.1%–59.2%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Individual and combined stress treatments suppressed grain sucrose metabolism via coordinated downregulation of sucrose synthase (SS) by 16.1%–59.2% and sucrose‐phosphate synthase (SPS) activities by 2.6%–44.9% in developing grains, concomitantly triggering sucrose translocation to leaves and stalk, suggesting source‐sink redistribution under stress constraints”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined stress reduced grain sucrose-phosphate synthase activity by 2.6–44.9%.
- Treatment
- Individual and combined stress treatmentse5
- Outcome
- (SPS) activitiese5
- Direction
- suppressede5
- Value
- 2.6%–44.9%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Individual and combined stress treatments suppressed grain sucrose metabolism via coordinated downregulation of sucrose synthase (SS) by 16.1%–59.2% and sucrose‐phosphate synthase (SPS) activities by 2.6%–44.9% in developing grains, concomitantly triggering sucrose translocation to leaves and stalk, suggesting source‐sink redistribution under stress constraints”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and combined stress triggered sucrose translocation to maize leaves and stalk.
- Treatment
- Individual and combined stress treatmentse5
- Outcome
- sucrose translocation to leaves and stalke5
- Direction
- triggeringe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Individual and combined stress treatments suppressed grain sucrose metabolism via coordinated downregulation of sucrose synthase (SS) by 16.1%–59.2% and sucrose‐phosphate synthase (SPS) activities by 2.6%–44.9% in developing grains, concomitantly triggering sucrose translocation to leaves and stalk, suggesting source‐sink redistribution under stress constraints”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduction of maize grain yield under stress mainly resulted from stunted pollen development and limited sugar transport.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Notably, the reduction of grain yield mainly resulted from stunted pollen development and limited sugar transport”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Future maize hybrids should be selected for shorter ASI, higher pollen viability and quantity to adapt to climate change.
- Outcome
- selected hybrids with the shorter ASIe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“These provided a strategy for future selected hybrids with the shorter ASI, higher pollen viability and quantity adapting well to climate change”
t0“Maize ( Zea mays L)”
The same questions in other papers
abiotic · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
abiotic · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →heat · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
67 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
81 papers more in this group
See all 85 papers →drought · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
299 papers in the same direction as this paper · 53 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
349 papers more in this group
See all 353 papers →abiotic · phenology · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.