Abstract
Soil inoculum density and the incidence of black root rot of cotton caused by Thielaviopsis basicola were monitored in two adjacent fields planted mid-April to Gossypium hirsutum 'Acala 1517' at Duncan, AZ (1160 m elev.). Forty soil cores (3.5 x 15 cm) were taken from the root zone and 80 plants were collected biweekly in the two fields from 5/7/87 to 9/28/87. The inoculum density (cfu/g air-dried soil) was determined by plating soil dilutions onto a selective medium. Disease severity was rated on a scale of 1 (slight cortical decay) to 4 (severe cortical decay). Mean inoculum density in Field 1 soil was 65 cfu/g soil and 20% of the seedlings were infected with a severity rating averaging 1.6. In Field 2 the inoculum density, percentage of infected plants, and disease rating were 225 cfu/g soil, 93, and 3.2, respectively. No cortical decay was noted after June 6 in either field. Yields were similar in both fields. Field and laboratory studies indicate that high disease incidence of black root rot caused by T. basicola results in reduced incidence of seedling disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. For example, 1 mo after untreated seeds of G. barbadense 'Pima S-6' were planted into a cotton field in Coolidge, AZ with natural inoculum levels of 12 cfu/100 g soil and 225 cfu/g soil of R. solani and T. basicola, respectively, 98% of the plants were infected by T. basicola while only 2% were infected by R. solani. Eleven out of the 12 R. solani propagules were pathogenic to cotton. The same levels of inoculum, were added to autoclaved field soil in growth chambers at 18 C and 5200 lux light in four treatments. The first treatment, T. basicola alone, caused a 98% incidence of black root rot. Rhizoctonia solani alone resulted in a 38% incidence of disease, whereas inoculum of T. basicola and R. solani, together caused a 98% and 17% incidence of disease caused by T. basicola and R. solani, respectively. Simultaneous inoculations of 4-day-old G. hirsutum 'DP 90' seedlings on water agar plates with inoculum of T. basicola and R. solani resulted 5 days later in a significant decrease in infection by R. solani as compared to that in the seedlings inoculated with R. solani only.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Field 1 had 65 cfu/g soil of Thielaviopsis inoculum.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Interactor
- Thielaviopsis basicola
Berkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen - Outcome
- inoculum densitye0
- Value
- 65 cfu/g soile0
- Setting
- Field 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean inoculum density in Field 1 soil was 65 cfu/g soil”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot of cotton caused by Thielaviopsis basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
In Field 1, 20% of cotton seedlings were infected.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Thielaviopsis basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- seedlings were infectede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Setting
- Field 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean inoculum density in Field 1 soil was 65 cfu/g soil and 20% of the seedlings were infected with a severity rating averaging 1.6”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot of cotton caused by Thielaviopsis basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Field 1 infection severity averaged 1.6.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Thielaviopsis basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- severity ratinge0
- Value
- 1.6e0
- Setting
- Field 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean inoculum density in Field 1 soil was 65 cfu/g soil and 20% of the seedlings were infected with a severity rating averaging 1.6”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot of cotton caused by Thielaviopsis basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Field 2 Thielaviopsis inoculum density was 225 cfu/g soil.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- inoculum densitye0
- Value
- 225 cfu/g soile0
- Setting
- Field 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Field 2 the inoculum density, percentage of infected plants, and disease rating were 225 cfu/g soil, 93, and 3.2, respectively”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot caused by T. basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Field 2 had 93% infected plants.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- percentage of infected plantse0
- Value
- 93e0
- Setting
- Field 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Field 2 the inoculum density, percentage of infected plants, and disease rating were 225 cfu/g soil, 93, and 3.2, respectively”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot caused by T. basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Field 2 disease rating was 3.2.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease ratinge0
- Value
- 3.2e0
- Setting
- Field 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Field 2 the inoculum density, percentage of infected plants, and disease rating were 225 cfu/g soil, 93, and 3.2, respectively”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot caused by T. basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
No cortical decay occurred after June 6 in either field.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- No cortical decaye0
- Qualifier
- after June 6 in either fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No cortical decay was noted after June 6 in either field”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
e1“black root rot caused by T. basicola”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton yields were similar between the fields.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- both fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields were similar in both fields”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
High Thielaviopsis black root rot incidence was associated with reduced Rhizoctonia seedling disease incidence.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Second interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of seedling disease caused by Rhizoctonia solanie0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high disease incidence of black root rot caused by T. basicola results in reduced incidence of seedling disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Coolidge cotton field, 98% of plants were infected by Thielaviopsis.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- plants were infected by T. basicolae0
- Value
- 98%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“98% of the plants were infected by T. basicola while only 2% were infected by R. solani”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Coolidge cotton field, 2% of plants were infected by Rhizoctonia.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- infected by R. solanie0
- Value
- 2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“98% of the plants were infected by T. basicola while only 2% were infected by R. solani”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven of 12 Rhizoctonia propagules were pathogenic to cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- R. solani propagules were pathogenic to cottone0
- Value
- Eleven out of the 12e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eleven out of the 12 R. solani propagules were pathogenic to cotton”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thielaviopsis alone caused 98% black root rot incidence in growth chambers.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- T. basicola alonee0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of black root rote0
- Value
- 98%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. basicola alone, caused a 98% incidence of black root rot”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizoctonia alone caused 38% disease incidence in growth chambers.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Rhizoctonia solani alonee0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of diseasee0
- Value
- 38%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizoctonia solani alone resulted in a 38% incidence of disease”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint inoculation caused 98% Thielaviopsis disease incidence.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- inoculum of T. basicola and R. solanie0
- Interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease caused by T. basicolae0
- Value
- 98%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculum of T. basicola and R. solani, together caused a 98% and 17% incidence of disease caused by T. basicola and R. solani, respectively”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint inoculation caused 17% Rhizoctonia disease incidence.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- inoculum of T. basicola and R. solanie0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of diseasee0
- Value
- 17%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculum of T. basicola and R. solani, together caused a 98% and 17% incidence of disease caused by T. basicola and R. solani, respectively”
t0“pathogens of seedling cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous inoculation significantly reduced Rhizoctonia infection relative to Rhizoctonia alone.
- Taxon
- G. hirsutumGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- DP 90e0
- Treatment
- inoculum of T. basicola and R. solanie0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- infection by R. solanie0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- seedlings inoculated with R. solani onlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simultaneous inoculations of 4-day-old G. hirsutum 'DP 90' seedlings on water agar plates with inoculum of T. basicola and R. solani resulted 5 days later in a significant decrease in infection by R. solani as compared to that in the seedlings inoculated with R. solani only”
The same questions in other papers
Rhizoctonia solani · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
inoculation · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.