Abstract
Abstract Sugarcane ( Saccharum spp. L.) is a globally important crop, and foliar fertilization can enhance plant growth, yield, and stress tolerance. However, the use of multi‐nutrient complexes remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the effect of two multi‐nutrient foliar fertilizer applications at vegetative stage (N, K, S, B, Cu, Mn, Mo and Zn) and at maturation stage (P, K, Mg, S and B) in 13 field experiments in the early, mid‐late, and late sugarcane harvest seasons. Four treatments were compared: (i) no application of multi‐nutrient foliar fertilizer (control), (ii) application at the vegetative stage of sugarcane (V), (iii) application at the maturation stage (M), and (iv) application at both the vegetative and maturation stages (VMs). Application resulted in significant gains in all biometric parameters, sugar yield, and theoretically recoverable sugars; the largest increases occurred in VM. Bagasse, straw, and energy production followed the pattern of biometric parameters and increased by averages of 7.9%, 9.7%, and 9.7% compared to the control. In early harvest sugarcane, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase‐oxygenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase activities and proline content were enhanced in M and VM, whereas hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde contents decreased in these treatments. In summary, multi‐nutrient foliar fertilization at the VMs enhanced sugarcane growth, yield, energy production, and quality across all harvest seasons while improving photosynthetic and antioxidant enzyme activities. The results demonstrate that tailoring multi‐nutrient foliar fertilizer application to the specific physiological and nutritional demands of each phenological stage can promote sugarcane development by reducing the production of stress‐related molecules and enhancing carbon assimilation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient application gave significant gains in biometric parameters, sugar yield and theoretically recoverable sugars compared with control, largest in VM.
Verbatim
e1“Application resulted in significant gains in all biometric parameters, sugar yield, and theoretically recoverable sugars; the largest increases occurred in VM”
e6“Bagasse, straw, and energy production followed the pattern of biometric parameters and increased by averages of 7.9%, 9.7%, and 9.7% compared to the control”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Bagasse production increased by 7.9% compared with control under foliar nutrient application.
Verbatim
e6“Bagasse, straw, and energy production followed the pattern of biometric parameters and increased by averages of 7.9%, 9.7%, and 9.7% compared to the control”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw production increased by 9.7% compared with control under foliar nutrient application.
Verbatim
e6“Bagasse, straw, and energy production followed the pattern of biometric parameters and increased by averages of 7.9%, 9.7%, and 9.7% compared to the control”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Energy production increased by 9.7% compared with control under foliar nutrient application.
Verbatim
e6“Bagasse, straw, and energy production followed the pattern of biometric parameters and increased by averages of 7.9%, 9.7%, and 9.7% compared to the control”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Application at the maturation stage enhanced phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase activities in early harvest sugarcane.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- application at the maturation stagee7
- Outcome
- phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase‐oxygenasee3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Qualifier
- In early harvest sugarcanee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase‐oxygenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase activities and proline content were enhanced in M and VM”
e7“application at the maturation stage (M), and (iv) application at both the vegetative and maturation stages (VMs)”
e2“In early harvest sugarcane”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Application at the maturation stage enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities in early harvest sugarcane.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- application at the maturation stagee7
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidasee4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- In early harvest sugarcanee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e4“superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase activities and proline content were enhanced in M and VM”
e7“application at the maturation stage (M), and (iv) application at both the vegetative and maturation stages (VMs)”
e2“In early harvest sugarcane”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Application at the maturation stage enhanced peroxidase activities and proline content in early harvest sugarcane.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- application at the maturation stagee7
- Outcome
- peroxidase activities and proline contente4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- In early harvest sugarcanee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e4“superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase activities and proline content were enhanced in M and VM”
e7“application at the maturation stage (M), and (iv) application at both the vegetative and maturation stages (VMs)”
e2“In early harvest sugarcane”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents decreased under M and VM foliar treatments in sugarcane.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- these treatmentse5
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde contentse5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e5“hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde contents decreased in these treatments”
t0“Foliar nutrient application improves sugarcane bioenergy production”
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