Abstract
Drought is a critical limiting factor for crop yield, posing a substantial threat to global food security and negatively influencing plant growth and development. As a crop used as both a grain and forage, the yield of oat (Avena sativa) is significantly affected by drought. Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a crucial enzyme in plant nitrogen metabolism and plays an essential role in nitrogen utilization, growth regulation, and yield formation. We used bioinformatics analysis to identify the GS gene family in oats, and employed molecular biology, genetics and plant physiology methods to investigate the drought-resistant function of AsGS2-2C . In this study, 11 oat AsGS genes were identified, and the gene family and expression patterns were analyzed. Our findings revealed that a majority of AsGS genes were upregulated under drought and salt stress, whereas they were downregulated in response to cold stress and abscisic acid treatment. Cloning and functional analysis of the AsGS2-2C gene revealed that transgenic tobacco overexpressing AsGS2-2C presented increased tolerance to drought stress in phenotype. Physiological analyses revealed an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and a reduction in membrane damage in AsGS2-2C-overexpressing plants. Under drought conditions, the expression of stress-responsive genes ( Cu/Zn-SOD, MnSOD, CBL1, GR1, GAPC, Gln1-5 , and BI-1 ) was significantly elevated in AsGS2-2C transgenic tobacco. Interestingly, ACR11, GLU, ERD10B, Hxk3 and Ltp1 exhibited initial upregulation followed by subsequent downregulation. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying drought tolerance mediated by AsGS2-2C in oat, offering potential targets for crop improvement against drought.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven oat AsGS genes were identified.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativat0 - Gene
- AsGSe0
- Outcome
- AsGS genese0
- Value
- 11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“11 oat AsGS genes were identified”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most AsGS genes were upregulated by drought.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a majority of AsGS genes were upregulated under drought and salt stress”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most AsGS genes were upregulated by salt stress.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Gene
- AsGS genese0
- Outcome
- AsGS genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a majority of AsGS genes were upregulated under drought and salt stress”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most AsGS genes were downregulated by cold.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- cold stresse0
- Gene
- AsGS genese1
- Outcome
- AsGS genese1
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they were downregulated in response to cold stress and abscisic acid treatment”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
e1“11 oat AsGS genes were identified”
Claim · model-written summary
Most AsGS genes were downregulated by abscisic acid.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- abscisic acid treatmente0
- Gene
- AsGS genese1
- Outcome
- AsGS genese1
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they were downregulated in response to cold stress and abscisic acid treatment”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
e1“11 oat AsGS genes were identified”
Claim · model-written summary
AsGS2-2C overexpression increased tobacco drought tolerance.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- overexpressing AsGS2-2Ce0
- Gene
- AsGS2-2Ce0
- Outcome
- tolerance to drought stresse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic tobacco overexpressing AsGS2-2C presented increased tolerance to drought stress in phenotype”
Claim · model-written summary
AsGS2-2C overexpression increased antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- AsGS2-2C-overexpressing plantse0
- Gene
- AsGS2-2Ce0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and a reduction in membrane damage in AsGS2-2C-overexpressing plants”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
AsGS2-2C overexpression reduced membrane damage.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- AsGS2-2C-overexpressing plantse0
- Gene
- AsGS2-2Ce0
- Outcome
- membrane damagee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and a reduction in membrane damage in AsGS2-2C-overexpressing plants”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, AsGS2-2C tobacco showed elevated expression of Cu/Zn-SOD, MnSOD and CBL1.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- AsGS2-2C transgenic tobaccoe0
- Gene
- Cu/Zn-SOD, MnSOD, CBL1e0
- Outcome
- expression of stress-responsive genese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- Under drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, the expression of stress-responsive genes ( Cu/Zn-SOD, MnSOD, CBL1, GR1, GAPC, Gln1-5 , and BI-1 ) was significantly elevated in AsGS2-2C transgenic tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, AsGS2-2C tobacco showed elevated expression of GR1, GAPC and Gln1-5.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- AsGS2-2C transgenic tobaccoe0
- Gene
- GR1, GAPC, Gln1-5e0
- Outcome
- expression of stress-responsive genese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- Under drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, the expression of stress-responsive genes ( Cu/Zn-SOD, MnSOD, CBL1, GR1, GAPC, Gln1-5 , and BI-1 ) was significantly elevated in AsGS2-2C transgenic tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, AsGS2-2C tobacco showed elevated BI-1 expression.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- AsGS2-2C transgenic tobaccoe0
- Gene
- BI-1e0
- Outcome
- expression of stress-responsive genese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- Under drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought conditions, the expression of stress-responsive genes ( Cu/Zn-SOD, MnSOD, CBL1, GR1, GAPC, Gln1-5 , and BI-1 ) was significantly elevated in AsGS2-2C transgenic tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
ACR11, GLU and ERD10B first rose then fell.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Gene
- ACR11, GLU, ERD10Be0
- Outcome
- initial upregulation followed by subsequent downregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACR11, GLU, ERD10B, Hxk3 and Ltp1 exhibited initial upregulation followed by subsequent downregulation”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hxk3 and Ltp1 first rose then fell.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativat0
- Gene
- Hxk3 and Ltp1e0
- Outcome
- initial upregulation followed by subsequent downregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACR11, GLU, ERD10B, Hxk3 and Ltp1 exhibited initial upregulation followed by subsequent downregulation”
t0“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: expression · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
transgenic · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.