Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate how iodine biofortification (potassium iodate (KIO3)) applied to rocket affects the physiological and biochemical responses of the plant under salt stress. Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) seeds were used as material and the applications were started when the seeds germinated and the plants had 2-3 leaves. 50 (T1) and 100 (T2) µM KIO3 applications were applied to the leaves of the plants by spraying and also by irrigation to the soil. Salt stress was applied by applying water prepared with 100 mM NaCl to the plant as irrigation from the soil. The effects of the applications on some plant morphological and physiological properties were investigated. In the study, salinity significantly reduced plant growth and development in rocket. Iodine application alleviated this damage and supported growth in rocket against salt stress. The plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area decreased by 29%, 27%, 22% and 56%, respectively, under salt stress, while iodine applications reduced this decrease. Electrical conductivity (EC) increased with salinity, while leaf water relative content (LRWC) decreased in rocket. This effect of salt was low in iodine application. Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weight decreased by 55%, 13%, 20% and 10% in the control group with salinity, and iodine application mitigated this decrease. The chlorophyll content, root fresh and dry weight of plants, especially those under salt stress, increased with iodine application. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities, which increased with salinity, also increased with iodine application. Iodine supports plant development and is also effective in salt stress tolerance of rocket plants.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly reduced plant growth and development in rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativa
Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0 - Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- plant growth and developmente1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e0“Salt stress was applied by applying water prepared with 100 mM NaCl to the plant as irrigation from the soil”
e1“In the study, salinity significantly reduced plant growth and development in rocket”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine application alleviated salt-induced damage and supported growth of rocket under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Iodine applicatione2
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- supportede2
- Comparator
- salt stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e2“Iodine application alleviated this damage and supported growth in rocket against salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, plant height of rocket decreased by 29%.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse3
- Outcome
- plant heighte3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 29%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e3“The plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area decreased by 29%, 27%, 22% and 56%, respectively, under salt stress, while iodine applications reduced this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, stem diameter of rocket decreased by 27%.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- steme3
- Treatment
- salt stresse3
- Outcome
- stem diametere3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 27%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e3“The plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area decreased by 29%, 27%, 22% and 56%, respectively, under salt stress, while iodine applications reduced this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, leaf number of rocket decreased by 22%.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe3
- Treatment
- salt stresse3
- Outcome
- leaf numbere3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 22%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e3“The plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area decreased by 29%, 27%, 22% and 56%, respectively, under salt stress, while iodine applications reduced this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, leaf area of rocket decreased by 56%.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe3
- Treatment
- salt stresse3
- Outcome
- leaf areae3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 56%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e3“The plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area decreased by 29%, 27%, 22% and 56%, respectively, under salt stress, while iodine applications reduced this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine applications reduced the salt-induced decrease in plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area of rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- iodine applicationse3
- Outcome
- plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf areae3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- salt stresse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e3“The plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area decreased by 29%, 27%, 22% and 56%, respectively, under salt stress, while iodine applications reduced this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrical conductivity of rocket increased with salinity.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye4
- Outcome
- Electrical conductivity (EC)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e4“Electrical conductivity (EC) increased with salinity, while leaf water relative content (LRWC) decreased in rocket. This effect of salt was low in iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf water relative content of rocket decreased under salinity.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe4
- Treatment
- salinitye4
- Outcome
- leaf water relative content (LRWC)e4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e4“Electrical conductivity (EC) increased with salinity, while leaf water relative content (LRWC) decreased in rocket. This effect of salt was low in iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of salt on electrical conductivity and leaf water relative content of rocket was low under iodine application.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- iodine applicatione4
- Outcome
- effect of salte4
- Direction
- lowe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e4“Electrical conductivity (EC) increased with salinity, while leaf water relative content (LRWC) decreased in rocket. This effect of salt was low in iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salinity, plant fresh weight of rocket decreased by 55% relative to the control group.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye5
- Outcome
- Plant fresh weighte5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Value
- 55%e5
- Comparator
- control groupe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e5“Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weight decreased by 55%, 13%, 20% and 10% in the control group with salinity, and iodine application mitigated this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salinity, root fresh weight of rocket decreased by 13% relative to the control group.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote5
- Treatment
- salinitye5
- Outcome
- root fresh weighte5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Value
- 13%e5
- Comparator
- control groupe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e5“Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weight decreased by 55%, 13%, 20% and 10% in the control group with salinity, and iodine application mitigated this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salinity, plant dry weight of rocket decreased by 20% relative to the control group.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye5
- Outcome
- plant dry weighte5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Value
- 20%e5
- Comparator
- control groupe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e5“Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weight decreased by 55%, 13%, 20% and 10% in the control group with salinity, and iodine application mitigated this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salinity, root dry weight of rocket decreased by 10% relative to the control group.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote5
- Treatment
- salinitye5
- Outcome
- root dry weighte5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Value
- 10%e5
- Comparator
- control groupe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e5“Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weight decreased by 55%, 13%, 20% and 10% in the control group with salinity, and iodine application mitigated this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine application mitigated the salt-induced decrease in plant and root fresh and dry weights of rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- iodine applicatione5
- Outcome
- Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weighte5
- Direction
- mitigatede5
- Comparator
- control groupe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e5“Plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight and root dry weight decreased by 55%, 13%, 20% and 10% in the control group with salinity, and iodine application mitigated this decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine application increased chlorophyll content and root fresh and dry weight of rocket, especially under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote6
- Treatment
- iodine applicatione6
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, root fresh and dry weighte6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- especially those under salt stresse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e6“The chlorophyll content, root fresh and dry weight of plants, especially those under salt stress, increased with iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and proline in rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye7
- Outcome
- Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), prolinee7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e7“Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities, which increased with salinity, also increased with iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities in rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye7
- Outcome
- sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activitiese7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e7“Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities, which increased with salinity, also increased with iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine application also increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and proline in rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- iodine applicatione7
- Outcome
- Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), prolinee7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e7“Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities, which increased with salinity, also increased with iodine application”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine application also increased sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities in rocket.
- Taxon
- Eruca sativaEruca vesicaria subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- iodine applicatione7
- Outcome
- sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activitiese7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of Iodine on Rocket (Eruca sativa L.) Plant Under Salt Stress”
e7“Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, sucrose and antioxidant enzyme activities, which increased with salinity, also increased with iodine application”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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salinity · growth · Eruca vesicariaPositive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
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5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →salinity · physiology: water · Eruca vesicariaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.