Abstract
BACKGROUND: Disease infection seriously threatens the healthy growth of tomatoes. In recent years, using nanomaterials to suppress crop disease damage has become a hotspot in agriculture. As an emerging nano-material, nano-selenium has been widely reported for improving crop growth and saving the damage caused by stresses such as pathogens and heavy metals on plants. RESULTS: ) significantly inhibited tomato leaf mold and reduced disease severity of seedlings (52.84%, 14 days after inoculation). This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling. This thereby induced the genes expression (NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54) of SA signaling pathway, enhancing resistance-genes (PR1/2/3) transcription and elevating antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levels, ultimately activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in tomato. Nano-Se also promoted jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. In addition, metabolomic analysis indicated nano-Se promoted phenolic compounds from the phenylpropane pathway (α-tocopherol, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid), polyamines, GABA and various amino acids accumulation of tomato seedlings, which also supported the above results. (ii) Nano-Se promoted the growth of tomato seedings by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing auxin level. CONCLUSION: Compared to chemical fungicides, these findings suggested nano-Se provided a more promising and sustainable approach for managing diseases such as leaf mold and improving tomato plant growth. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se reduced tomato leaf mold severity by 52.84% at 14 days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Nano seleniumt1
- Outcome
- tomato leaf molde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 52.84%e0
- Qualifier
- 14 days after inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RESULTS: ) significantly inhibited tomato leaf mold and reduced disease severity of seedlings (52.84%, 14 days after inoculation).”
t0“tomato”
t1“Nano selenium”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se promoted salicylic acid accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See0
- Outcome
- accumulation of salicylic acide0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se upregulated biosynthesis gene expression and MAPK cascade and calcium signaling gene expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis genes expressione0
- Direction
- up-regulatinge0
- Qualifier
- MAPK cascade and calcium signalinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se induced SA signaling genes NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See1
- Gene
- NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54e0
- Outcome
- genes expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This thereby induced the genes expression (NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54) of SA signaling pathway, enhancing resistance-genes (PR1/2/3) transcription and elevating antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levels, ultimately activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in tomato.”
t0“tomato”
e1“This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se enhanced transcription of resistance genes PR1/2/3.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See1
- Outcome
- resistance-genes (PR1/2/3) transcriptione0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This thereby induced the genes expression (NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54) of SA signaling pathway, enhancing resistance-genes (PR1/2/3) transcription and elevating antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levels, ultimately activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in tomato.”
t0“tomato”
e1“This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se elevated antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levels.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See1
- Outcome
- antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levelse0
- Direction
- elevatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This thereby induced the genes expression (NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54) of SA signaling pathway, enhancing resistance-genes (PR1/2/3) transcription and elevating antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levels, ultimately activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in tomato.”
t0“tomato”
e1“This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se activated systemic acquired resistance in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See1
- Outcome
- systemic acquired resistance (SAR)e0
- Direction
- activatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This thereby induced the genes expression (NPR1, TGA2/1/5, WRKY33, WRKY70 and WRKY54) of SA signaling pathway, enhancing resistance-genes (PR1/2/3) transcription and elevating antioxidant and resistance-related indicator levels, ultimately activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in tomato.”
t0“tomato”
e1“This was because nano-Se significantly promoted the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) through up-regulating biosynthesis genes expression by significantly up-regulating the gene expression related to MAPK cascade and calcium signaling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se promoted jasmonic acid signaling.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Nano-See0
- Outcome
- jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathwaye0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nano-Se also promoted jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se promoted phenylpropane pathway phenolic compounds, polyamines, GABA, and amino acid accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nano-See0
- Outcome
- phenolic compounds from the phenylpropane pathwaye0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, metabolomic analysis indicated nano-Se promoted phenolic compounds from the phenylpropane pathway (α-tocopherol, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid), polyamines, GABA and various amino acids accumulation of tomato seedlings, which also supported the above results.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se promoted tomato seedling growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Nano-See0
- Outcome
- growth of tomato seedingse0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(ii) Nano-Se promoted the growth of tomato seedings by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing auxin level.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se enhanced tomato photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Nano-See0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(ii) Nano-Se promoted the growth of tomato seedings by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing auxin level.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-Se increased tomato auxin level.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Nano-See0
- Outcome
- auxin levele0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(ii) Nano-Se promoted the growth of tomato seedings by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing auxin level.”
t0“tomato”
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