Abstract
Results of study conducted at Dry land Farming Research Station, (MPUAT, Uadipur) Arjia Bhilwara, India during the kharif seasons of 2007 and 2008, to assess the impact of in situ moisture conservation systems in rainfed maize based cropping system, indicated that strip cropping of maize-black gram (4:8) was the best treatment in terms of environment, energetic, economics and increased maize equivalent yield by 98.4 per cent over control (maize + black gram intercropping (2:2). The Ridging after first intercultural operation (RAFIO) decreased runoff by 25 to 28 per cent over deep tillage and 44 to 45 per cent over shallow tillage during respective years. Deep tillage decreased runoff by 52 per cent and 51 per cent in paired intercropping and strip cropping, respectively, over shallow tillage. RAFIO increased maize grain equivalent yield by 27 to 41 per cent over deep tillage and by 36.02 to 47.59 per cent over shallow tillage in strip cropping and paired intercropping, respectively. RAFIO increased net return by 39 to 106 per cent over deep tillage and by 67.8 to 156.5 per cent over shallow tillage, respectively. Deep tillage increased the yield by 40.4 and 39.4 per cent under strip cropping and inter cropping systems of maize, accounted maximum share of energy input (43.02 – 76.69%) followed by tillage (4.15 – 32.60%) in different moisture conservation practices. The deep tillage required 6.59 times higher energy input than shallow tillage (281.4 MJ ha-1). The energy input for RAFIO was higher (49.18%) in paired intercropping of maize + black gram (90/30) as compared with strip cropping of maize – black gram (4:8).
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Strip cropping of maize-black gram (4:8) increased maize equivalent yield by 98.4% over the maize + black gram intercropping control.
- Treatment
- strip cropping of maize-black gram (4:8)e1
- Outcome
- maize equivalent yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 98.4 per cente1
- Comparator
- control (maize + black gram intercropping (2:2)e1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e1“strip cropping of maize-black gram (4:8) was the best treatment in terms of environment, energetic, economics and increased maize equivalent yield by 98.4 per cent over control (maize + black gram intercropping (2:2)”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO decreased runoff by 25 to 28% compared with deep tillage.
- Treatment
- Ridging after first intercultural operation (RAFIO)e2
- Outcome
- runoffe2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 25 to 28 per cente2
- Comparator
- deep tillagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e2“The Ridging after first intercultural operation (RAFIO) decreased runoff by 25 to 28 per cent over deep tillage and 44 to 45 per cent over shallow tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO decreased runoff by 44 to 45% compared with shallow tillage.
- Treatment
- Ridging after first intercultural operation (RAFIO)e2
- Outcome
- runoffe2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 44 to 45 per cente2
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e2“The Ridging after first intercultural operation (RAFIO) decreased runoff by 25 to 28 per cent over deep tillage and 44 to 45 per cent over shallow tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage decreased runoff by 52% over shallow tillage in paired intercropping.
- Treatment
- Deep tillagee3
- Outcome
- runoffe3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 52 per cente3
- Qualifier
- paired intercroppinge3
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e3“Deep tillage decreased runoff by 52 per cent and 51 per cent in paired intercropping and strip cropping, respectively, over shallow tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage decreased runoff by 51% over shallow tillage in strip cropping.
- Treatment
- Deep tillagee3
- Outcome
- runoffe3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 51 per cente3
- Qualifier
- strip croppinge3
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e3“Deep tillage decreased runoff by 52 per cent and 51 per cent in paired intercropping and strip cropping, respectively, over shallow tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO increased maize grain equivalent yield by 27 to 41% over deep tillage.
- Treatment
- RAFIOe4
- Outcome
- maize grain equivalent yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 27 to 41 per cente4
- Qualifier
- strip cropping and paired intercropping, respectivelye4
- Comparator
- deep tillagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e4“RAFIO increased maize grain equivalent yield by 27 to 41 per cent over deep tillage and by 36.02 to 47.59 per cent over shallow tillage in strip cropping and paired intercropping, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO increased maize grain equivalent yield by 36.02 to 47.59% over shallow tillage.
- Treatment
- RAFIOe4
- Outcome
- maize grain equivalent yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 36.02 to 47.59 per cente4
- Qualifier
- strip cropping and paired intercropping, respectivelye4
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e4“RAFIO increased maize grain equivalent yield by 27 to 41 per cent over deep tillage and by 36.02 to 47.59 per cent over shallow tillage in strip cropping and paired intercropping, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO increased net return by 39 to 106% over deep tillage.
- Treatment
- RAFIOe5
- Outcome
- net returne5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 39 to 106 per cente5
- Comparator
- deep tillagee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e5“RAFIO increased net return by 39 to 106 per cent over deep tillage and by 67.8 to 156.5 per cent over shallow tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO increased net return by 67.8 to 156.5% over shallow tillage.
- Treatment
- RAFIOe5
- Outcome
- net returne5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 67.8 to 156.5 per cente5
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e5“RAFIO increased net return by 39 to 106 per cent over deep tillage and by 67.8 to 156.5 per cent over shallow tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage increased maize yield by 40.4% under strip cropping.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e6“Deep tillage increased the yield by 40.4 and 39.4 per cent under strip cropping and inter cropping systems of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage increased maize yield by 39.4% under inter cropping.
- Treatment
- Deep tillagee6
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- 39.4e6
- Qualifier
- inter cropping systemse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e6“Deep tillage increased the yield by 40.4 and 39.4 per cent under strip cropping and inter cropping systems of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum share of energy input was 43.02 – 76.69% across moisture conservation practices.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e7“accounted maximum share of energy input (43.02 – 76.69%) followed by tillage (4.15 – 32.60%) in different moisture conservation practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage accounted for 4.15 – 32.60% of energy input across moisture conservation practices.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e7“accounted maximum share of energy input (43.02 – 76.69%) followed by tillage (4.15 – 32.60%) in different moisture conservation practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage required 6.59 times higher energy input than shallow tillage.
- Treatment
- deep tillagee1
- Outcome
- energy inpute1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 6.59 timese1
- Comparator
- shallow tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e1“The deep tillage required 6.59 times higher energy input than shallow tillage (281.4 MJ ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
RAFIO had 49.18% higher energy input in paired intercropping than in strip cropping of maize – black gram (4:8).
- Treatment
- RAFIOe2
- Outcome
- energy inpute2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 49.18%e2
- Qualifier
- paired intercropping of maize + black gram (90/30)e2
- Comparator
- strip cropping of maize – black gram (4:8)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rainfed maize based cropping system”
e2“The energy input for RAFIO was higher (49.18%) in paired intercropping of maize + black gram (90/30) as compared with strip cropping of maize – black gram (4:8)”
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