Abstract
Manure application to the soil surface may not be as effective as incorporated manure for crop production, because of potential N loss. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of composted (compost) and noncomposted manure from beef cattle ( Bos taurus ) feedlots on corn ( Zea mays L.) yield and N uptake under two tillage systems in 4 years. Conventional and no‐till systems were used as main plots, and subplots consisted of application of composted and noncomposted manure and fertilizer to provide for corn N requirements, and check treatments. Manure and compost were applied and immediately incorporated by disking in the conventional system and left on the surface in the no‐till. Fertilizer was incorporated in the conventional system and surface‐applied in the no‐till system each spring prior to planting. Results showed that in 3 out of 4 years there was no effect of tillage on corn grain yields of plots receiving manure or compost. Manure and compost application resulted in similar grain yield as that for fertilizer treatment in all years except for no‐till in 1996. First‐year N availability was approximately 38% for manure and 20% for compost in both tillage systems. Apparent N use efficiency was 17% for manure, 12% for compost, and 45% for the fertilizer treatment across 4 years. Chlorophyll meter readings, indicating relative plant N concentration at different stages of growth, were closely related to N uptake and grain yield in years with adequate water supply, but not in the drier year of 1995. Stalk NO − 3 –N concentration at harvest was above the critical level of 2000 mg kg −1 for the fertilizer treatment in 1995 but was low (<200 mg kg −1 ) for manure and compost treatments. Stalk NO − 3 –N concentration did not exceed the critical level for any treatment in other years. When the correct N availability factor is used, beef cattle feedlot manure and compost can be effectively utilized in no‐till corn production systems.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage had no grain-yield effect in manure or compost plots in three of four years.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- in 3 out of 4 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that in 3 out of 4 years there was no effect of tillage on corn grain yields of plots receiving manure or compost.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure gave grain yield similar to fertilizer except under no-till in 1996.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Manuree0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- except for no‐till in 1996e0
- Comparator
- fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manure and compost application resulted in similar grain yield as that for fertilizer treatment in all years except for no‐till in 1996.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost gave grain yield similar to fertilizer except under no-till in 1996.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- compost applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- except for no‐till in 1996e0
- Comparator
- fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manure and compost application resulted in similar grain yield as that for fertilizer treatment in all years except for no‐till in 1996.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
First-year nitrogen availability of manure was about 38% in both tillage systems.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Outcome
- First‐year N availabilitye0
- Value
- 38%e0
- Qualifier
- both tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“First‐year N availability was approximately 38% for manure and 20% for compost in both tillage systems.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
First-year nitrogen availability of compost was about 20% in both tillage systems.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- composte0
- Outcome
- First‐year N availabilitye0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- both tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“First‐year N availability was approximately 38% for manure and 20% for compost in both tillage systems.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparent nitrogen-use efficiency of manure was 17% over four years.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Outcome
- Apparent N use efficiencye0
- Value
- 17%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent N use efficiency was 17% for manure, 12% for compost, and 45% for the fertilizer treatment across 4 years.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparent nitrogen-use efficiency of compost was 12% over four years.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- composte0
- Outcome
- Apparent N use efficiencye0
- Value
- 12%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent N use efficiency was 17% for manure, 12% for compost, and 45% for the fertilizer treatment across 4 years.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparent nitrogen-use efficiency of fertilizer was 45% over four years.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- Apparent N use efficiencye0
- Value
- 45%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent N use efficiency was 17% for manure, 12% for compost, and 45% for the fertilizer treatment across 4 years.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll readings related closely to nitrogen uptake in adequately watered years, but not 1995.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Qualifier
- in years with adequate water supply, but not in the drier year of 1995e0
- Comparator
- Chlorophyll meter readingse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll meter readings, indicating relative plant N concentration at different stages of growth, were closely related to N uptake and grain yield in years with adequate water supply, but not in the drier year of 1995.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll readings related closely to grain yield in adequately watered years, but not 1995.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- in years with adequate water supply, but not in the drier year of 1995e0
- Comparator
- Chlorophyll meter readingse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll meter readings, indicating relative plant N concentration at different stages of growth, were closely related to N uptake and grain yield in years with adequate water supply, but not in the drier year of 1995.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer-treated corn stalk nitrate exceeded the critical level in 1995.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- Stalk NO − 3 –N concentratione0
- Direction
- abovee0
- Value
- 2000 mg kg −1e0
- Qualifier
- in 1995e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stalk NO − 3 –N concentration at harvest was above the critical level of 2000 mg kg −1 for the fertilizer treatment in 1995”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure-treated corn stalk nitrate was below 200 mg/kg in 1995.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Outcome
- Stalk NO − 3 –N concentratione0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- <200 mg kg −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stalk NO − 3 –N concentration at harvest was above the critical level of 2000 mg kg −1 for the fertilizer treatment in 1995 but was low (<200 mg kg −1 ) for manure and compost treatments.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost-treated corn stalk nitrate was below 200 mg/kg in 1995.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- compost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Stalk NO − 3 –N concentratione0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Value
- <200 mg kg −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stalk NO − 3 –N concentration at harvest was above the critical level of 2000 mg kg −1 for the fertilizer treatment in 1995 but was low (<200 mg kg −1 ) for manure and compost treatments.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk nitrate stayed below the critical level in all treatments in other years.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- Stalk NO − 3 –N concentratione0
- Direction
- did not exceede0
- Qualifier
- in other yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stalk NO − 3 –N concentration did not exceed the critical level for any treatment in other years.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude feedlot manure can be used effectively in no-till corn with an appropriate nitrogen availability factor.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- beef cattle feedlot manuree0
- Qualifier
- When the correct N availability factor is usede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the correct N availability factor is used, beef cattle feedlot manure and compost can be effectively utilized in no‐till corn production systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude compost can be used effectively in no-till corn with an appropriate nitrogen availability factor.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- compost can be effectively utilized in no‐till corn production systemse0
- Qualifier
- When the correct N availability factor is usede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the correct N availability factor is used, beef cattle feedlot manure and compost can be effectively utilized in no‐till corn production systems.”
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.