Abstract
The present research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of new organo-mineral biostimulants in an apple orchard, including their relevance to spring frosts and to enhancing yield. The study evaluated the effects of foliar sprays with organo-mineral fertilizers on apple yield, comparing three treatments: 1—control (no treatment); 2—foliar spray with a 1% blend of “WPU” Antifreeze and 1% “WP Drip Ca + Mg”; 3—foliar application using a 3% solution of both “WPU” Antifreeze and “WP Drip Ca + Mg”. The NPC “White Pearl” foliar sprays exhibited cryoprotective properties to spring frosts through multiple mechanisms, i.e., prevention of cellular dehydration via elevated bound water content and accumulation of osmoprotective compounds including proline and soluble sugars. This research shows that the applied treatments improved carbohydrate metabolism by enhancing the biosynthesis of glucose and starch, as well as changing the donor–acceptor relationships between the leaf apparatus and the fruit toward the forming apple, promoting a better outflow of assimilates into ripening fruits. The 1% solution treatment enhanced apple yield by 70% (1.7-fold) relative to the untreated control. These findings indicate that the “White Pearl” organo-mineral fertilizer NPC (especially at 1% concentration) could serve as an effective supplement to conventional apple farming practices, boosting overall productivity.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar sprays protected apples against spring frost.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- NPC “White Pearl” foliar sprayse0
- Outcome
- cryoprotective properties to spring frostse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPC “White Pearl” foliar sprays exhibited cryoprotective properties to spring frosts”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprays elevated bound water content.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- foliar sprayse1
- Outcome
- bound water contente0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“prevention of cellular dehydration via elevated bound water content”
t0“Apples”
e1“NPC “White Pearl” foliar sprays exhibited cryoprotective properties to spring frosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprays accumulated proline and soluble sugars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- foliar sprayse1
- Outcome
- proline and soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of osmoprotective compounds including proline and soluble sugars”
t0“Apples”
e1“NPC “White Pearl” foliar sprays exhibited cryoprotective properties to spring frosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments enhanced glucose and starch biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- applied treatmentse0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of glucose and starche0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applied treatments improved carbohydrate metabolism by enhancing the biosynthesis of glucose and starch”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments promoted assimilate outflow into ripening fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- foliar sprayse1
- Outcome
- outflow of assimilates into ripening fruitse0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promoting a better outflow of assimilates into ripening fruits”
t0“Apples”
e1“NPC “White Pearl” foliar sprays exhibited cryoprotective properties to spring frosts”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1% treatment increased yield by 70% versus untreated control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 1% solution treatmente0
- Outcome
- apple yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1% solution treatment enhanced apple yield by 70% (1.7-fold) relative to the untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose White Pearl as a supplement to apple farming.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- effective supplement to conventional apple farming practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““White Pearl” organo-mineral fertilizer NPC (especially at 1% concentration) could serve as an effective supplement to conventional apple farming practices”
The same questions in other papers
application · quality: postharvest · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 74 papers →application · soil: physics · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
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See all 5 papers →application · physiology: osmolytes · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.