Abstract
The common bean relies on biological nitrogen fixation to meet part of its nitrogen requirements. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of reinoculation with Rhizobium tropici, alone or combined with Azospirillum brasilense, at different phenological stages. The experiments were conducted in the winter of 2023 and the rainy season of 2023/24, and significant differences were observed between seasons, mainly due to temperature and water stress, which impacted nodulation, plant growth and grain yield. However, appropriate water management mitigated these limitations, allowing reinoculation combined with co-inoculation at the V4 stage to improve nodular and morphophysiological traits, ensuring adequate nutrition through biological nitrogen fixation. This strategy promoted nodulation and plant development, resulting in an 8.5% increase in yield compared to nitrogen fertilization (80 kg ha−1), reaching 2197.87 kg ha−1. These results suggest that reinoculation with co-inoculation at the V4 stage can enhance biological nitrogen fixation, reduce dependence on synthetic fertilizers and serve as a sustainable and economically viable alternative.
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Claims 2
Claim · model-written summary
Reinoculation combined with co-inoculation at the V4 stage improved nodular and morphophysiological traits of common bean.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarise1 - Treatment
- reinoculation combined with co-inoculation at the V4 stagee2
- Interactor
- Rhizobium tropici
Martinezella tropicie0symbiont - Second interactor
- Azospirillum brasilense
Azospirillum brasilensee0symbiont - Outcome
- nodular and morphophysiological traitse2
- Direction
- improvee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study aimed to evaluate the effect of reinoculation with Rhizobium tropici, alone or combined with Azospirillum brasilense, at different phenological stages”
e1“The common bean relies on biological nitrogen fixation to meet part of its nitrogen requirements”
e2“allowing reinoculation combined with co-inoculation at the V4 stage to improve nodular and morphophysiological traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation at the V4 stage resulted in an 8.5% increase in yield compared with nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- reinoculation combined with co-inoculation at the V4 stagee2
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Value
- 8.5%e3
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The common bean relies on biological nitrogen fixation to meet part of its nitrogen requirements”
e2“allowing reinoculation combined with co-inoculation at the V4 stage to improve nodular and morphophysiological traits”
e3“resulting in an 8.5% increase in yield compared to nitrogen fertilization”
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