Abstract
The species and quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the disease resistance are different in red and green ripening periods of tomato. In this study, treatments against Botrytis cinerea infections occurred during the red (R B. ) and green (G B. ) ripening periods were investigated. G B. decreased disease incidence rate and enhanced the defense capacity by altering the key defense-related enzymes [NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (NCR), aminopyrine-n-demethylase (AND), aniline-4-hydroxylase (AH) and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND)] activities. Gray mold development in tomatoes is associated with defense mechanisms and cell degradation. PUFAs are involved in maintaining cell integrity. PUFA-related enzymes, such as lipoxygenase (LOX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), showed lower activity levels during G B. . Additionally, G B. enhanced the energy level by increasing NAD + , NADH, and ATP amounts. At the metabolic level, the VOCs composition was altered by the G B. , leading to a reduction in key precursors of PUFA synthesis, including aldehydes/alcohols (VAAs). Among them, the concentrations of key disease resistance-associated substances - hexanal, 2-hexanal, and citral - significantly declined during the G B. . Transcriptomic analysis revealed that G B. modulated gene expression changes corresponded to metabolomic changes, with 37 PUFAs-related genes down-regulated and 79 up-regulated compared to R B. . These findings indicate that G B. enhances disease-resistance capability and maintains cellular integrity. Thereby, fewer genes and VOCs need to be mobilized to increase resistance in postharvest tomatoes.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment against Botrytis cinerea during green ripening (G B.) decreased disease incidence rate in tomato
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- treatments against Botrytis cinerea infectionse1
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae1pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidence ratee2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e1“treatments against Botrytis cinerea infections occurred during the red (R B. ) and green (G B. ) ripening periods were investigated”
e2“G B. decreased disease incidence rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) enhanced the defense capacity of tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e2
- Outcome
- defense capacitye3
- Direction
- enhancede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e2“G B. decreased disease incidence rate”
e3“enhanced the defense capacity by altering the key defense-related enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) lowered the activity levels of lipoxygenase (LOX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e1
- Gene
- lipoxygenase (LOX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)e1
- Outcome
- activity levelse1
- Direction
- lowere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e1“PUFA-related enzymes, such as lipoxygenase (LOX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), showed lower activity levels during G B.”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) increased NAD+, NADH and ATP amounts in tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e2
- Outcome
- NAD + , NADH, and ATP amountse1
- Direction
- increasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e1“enhanced the energy level by increasing NAD + , NADH, and ATP amounts”
e2“G B. decreased disease incidence rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) reduced key precursors of PUFA synthesis, including aldehydes/alcohols (VAAs), in tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e2
- Outcome
- key precursors of PUFA synthesis, including aldehydes/alcohols (VAAs)e3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e2“G B. decreased disease incidence rate”
e3“leading to a reduction in key precursors of PUFA synthesis, including aldehydes/alcohols (VAAs)”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) significantly reduced hexanal, 2-hexanal and citral concentrations in tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e1
- Outcome
- the concentrations of key disease resistance-associated substances - hexanal, 2-hexanal, and citrale1
- Direction
- declinede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e1“the concentrations of key disease resistance-associated substances - hexanal, 2-hexanal, and citral - significantly declined during the G B.”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) downregulated 37 PUFA-related genes in tomato compared with red-ripening treatment (R B.)
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e1
- Outcome
- PUFAs-related genese1
- Direction
- down-regulatede1
- Value
- 37e1
- Comparator
- R B.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e1“G B. modulated gene expression changes corresponded to metabolomic changes, with 37 PUFAs-related genes down-regulated and 79 up-regulated compared to R B.”
Claim · model-written summary
Green-ripening treatment (G B.) upregulated 79 PUFA-related genes in tomato compared with red-ripening treatment (R B.)
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- G B.e1
- Outcome
- PUFAs-related genese1
- Direction
- up-regulatede1
- Value
- 79e1
- Comparator
- R B.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato resistance responses to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e1“G B. modulated gene expression changes corresponded to metabolomic changes, with 37 PUFAs-related genes down-regulated and 79 up-regulated compared to R B.”
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See all 56 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.