Abstract
The phylloplane yeast Pseudozyma antarctica secretes an esterase, named PaE, and xylanase when cultivated with xylose. We previously observed that the lipophilic layer of Micro-Tom tomato leaves became thinner after the culture filtrate treatment. The leaves developed reduced water-holding ability and became wilted. In this study, the purified enzymes were spotted on Micro-Tom leaves. PaE, but not xylanase, thinned the lipophilic layer of leaves and decreased leaf resistance to the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Disease severity increased significantly in detached leaves and potted plants treated with the culture filtrate and B. cinerea spores compared with those treated with inactivated enzyme and B. cinerea alone. Spore germination ratios, numbers of penetrating fungal hyphae in the leaves, and fungal DNA contents also increased significantly on the detached leaves. Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), a serious invasive alien weed in Europe and North America, also became susceptible to infection by the rust pathogen Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae following the culture filtrate treatment. The culture filtrate treatment increased disease development in plants induced by both phytopathogenic fungi. Our results suggest that P. antarctica culture filtrate could be used as an adjuvant for sustainable biological weed control using phytopathogenic fungi.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
PaE thinned the lipophilic layer of Micro-Tom leaves.
Verbatim
e0“PaE, but not xylanase, thinned the lipophilic layer of leaves”
e1“Micro-Tom leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
PaE decreased leaf resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume2 - Treatment
- PaEe0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- leaf resistance to the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinereae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- xylanasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PaE, but not xylanase, thinned the lipophilic layer of leaves and decreased leaf resistance to the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea”
e2“Micro-Tom tomato leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtrate with B. cinerea spores significantly increased tomato disease severity against inactivated enzyme and spores alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- culture filtrate and B. cinerea sporese0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Disease severitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- inactivated enzyme and B. cinerea alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disease severity increased significantly in detached leaves and potted plants treated with the culture filtrate and B. cinerea spores compared with those treated with inactivated enzyme and B. cinerea alone”
e2“Micro-Tom tomato leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtrate treatment increased spore germination, penetrating fungal hyphae, and fungal DNA on detached tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- culture filtratee1
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae1pathogen
- Outcome
- Spore germination ratios, numbers of penetrating fungal hyphae in the leaves, and fungal DNA contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- inactivated enzymee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spore germination ratios, numbers of penetrating fungal hyphae in the leaves, and fungal DNA contents also increased significantly on the detached leaves.”
e1“Disease severity increased significantly in detached leaves and potted plants treated with the culture filtrate and B. cinerea spores compared with those treated with inactivated enzyme and B. cinerea alone”
e2“Micro-Tom tomato leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtrate made Japanese knotweed susceptible to rust infection.
- Taxon
- Japanese knotweed
Reynoutria japonicae0 - Treatment
- culture filtrate treatmente0
- Interactor
- Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae
.jpg?width=60)
Puccinia polygoni-amphibiie0pathogen - Outcome
- susceptible to infectione0
- Setting
- Europe and North Americae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), a serious invasive alien weed in Europe and North America, also became susceptible to infection by the rust pathogen Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae following the culture filtrate treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest P. antarctica culture filtrate as a biological weed control adjuvant.
- Taxon
- Japanese knotweedReynoutria japonicae1
- Treatment
- P. antarctica culture filtratee0
- Interactor
- P. antarcticaMoesziomyces antarcticuse0other
- Outcome
- adjuvant for sustainable biological weed controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. antarctica culture filtrate could be used as an adjuvant for sustainable biological weed control using phytopathogenic fungi.”
e1“Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), a serious invasive alien weed in Europe and North America”
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