Abstract
While salinity stress represents a dominant abiotic limitation to global rice productivity, systematic elucidation of the interconnected dynamics between physiological traits and membrane lipid remodeling under differential salt regimes is critically deficient. To bridge this mechanistic knowledge gap, four controlled pot-based trials were implemented using the commercially deployed salt-tolerant cultivar 'Xindao 22' (Oryza sativa L.), with systematic exposure to defined NaCl concentration gradients spanning 0-51.3 mM. Our aim was to map the relationships among grain yield, leaf physiological responses, and lipid-metabolic adjustments under progressively severe salt stress. Results demonstrated that rice yield and its component traits declined in a concentration-dependent manner, with the most pronounced reduction (60.6 %) occurring at 51.3 mM NaCl. Under 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditions, rice plants exhibited enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, accumulated twenty-three unique metabolites, and enriched three key pathways, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) emerging as the predominant lipid metabolite. Under high-salinity conditions, osmolyte levels increased markedly accompanied by the emergence of seventy-four distinctive metabolites and seven enriched pathways, with PE, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) identified as major contributors to membrane remodeling. This study reveals the divergent physiological and lipid metabolic responses of rice under varying salt concentrations, deepens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance, and provides theoretical support for salt-tolerant breeding programs. Future research could explore the response differences among diverse salt-tolerant rice genotypes and the metabolic regulatory mechanisms under the interaction of multiple abiotic stresses.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yield and component traits declined with salinity, by 60.6% at 51.3 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- 51.3 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- rice yield and its component traitse0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Value
- 60.6 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice yield and its component traits declined in a concentration-dependent manner, with the most pronounced reduction (60.6 %) occurring at 51.3 mM NaCl.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity, antioxidant enzyme activities increased.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditions, rice plants exhibited enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, accumulated twenty-three unique metabolites, and enriched three key pathways, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) emerging as the predominant lipid metabolite.”
Claim · model-written summary
At moderate salinity, rice accumulated 23 unique metabolites.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- unique metabolitese0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
- Value
- twenty-threee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditions, rice plants exhibited enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, accumulated twenty-three unique metabolites, and enriched three key pathways, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) emerging as the predominant lipid metabolite.”
Claim · model-written summary
Three pathways were enriched at moderate salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- key pathwayse0
- Direction
- enrichede0
- Value
- threee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 17.1 and 34.2 mM salinity conditions, rice plants exhibited enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, accumulated twenty-three unique metabolites, and enriched three key pathways, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) emerging as the predominant lipid metabolite.”
Claim · model-written summary
PE was the predominant lipid metabolite at moderate salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) emerging as the predominant lipid metabolitee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) emerging as the predominant lipid metabolite.”
t0“rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmolyte levels increased markedly under high salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high-salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- osmolyte levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under high-salinity conditions, osmolyte levels increased markedly accompanied by the emergence of seventy-four distinctive metabolites and seven enriched pathways, with PE, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) identified as major contributors to membrane remodeling.”
t0“rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Seventy-four distinctive metabolites emerged under high salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high-salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- distinctive metabolitese0
- Value
- seventy-foure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under high-salinity conditions, osmolyte levels increased markedly accompanied by the emergence of seventy-four distinctive metabolites and seven enriched pathways, with PE, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) identified as major contributors to membrane remodeling.”
t0“rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven pathways were enriched under high salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high-salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- enriched pathwayse0
- Direction
- enrichede0
- Value
- sevene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under high-salinity conditions, osmolyte levels increased markedly accompanied by the emergence of seventy-four distinctive metabolites and seven enriched pathways, with PE, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) identified as major contributors to membrane remodeling.”
t0“rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
PE, PC and LPC were identified as major contributors to membrane remodeling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- phosphatidylcholine (PC)e0
- Outcome
- membrane remodelinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PE, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) identified as major contributors to membrane remodeling.”
t0“rice yield”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.