Abstract
The factorial experiment was conducted in green canopy of Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences- University of Baghdad, for the spring season of 2022, to study the effect of soaking Polianthes tuberosa L. bulbs in Atonic solution and inoculation with bacterial biofertilizer Stenotrophomonas malophilia and fungal biofertilizer Glomus mosseae, along with the addition of two levels (3% and 4%) of water hyacinths compost (C:N=17) on some vegetative and floral growth traits of Peral variety of tuberose. The study was conducted using a randomized completely block design with three replicates. Tuberose bulbs were planted in black plastic bags containing 6 kg of a sandy loam soil. The total number of experimental units was 72, with each experimental unit containing 5 plants, resulting in a total of 360 plants in the experiment. The results showed that soaking the bulbs for 12 hours in Atonic before planting, as well as inoculation with biofertilizers and organic fertilization, led to a significant increase in all the studied vegetative and floral growth traits of this plant. The results of the triple interaction between the study factors showed the superiority of the treatment involving soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths compost, significantly affecting the carbohydrate content, iron and manganese concentration in the leaves, fresh Peduncle weight, number of florets per plant and the number of bulbs. The recorded values were 4.271%, 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weight, 126.70 g, and 55.33 flower plant-1, and 17 bulbs plant-1, respectively.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking tuberose bulbs for 12 hours in Atonic significantly increased all studied vegetative and floral growth traits.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- soaking the bulbs for 12 hours in Atonic before plantinge1
- Outcome
- all the studied vegetative and floral growth traitse1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“soaking the bulbs for 12 hours in Atonic before planting, as well as inoculation with biofertilizers and organic fertilization, led to a significant increase in all the studied vegetative and floral growth traits of this plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with biofertilizers significantly increased all studied vegetative and floral growth traits of tuberose.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- inoculation with biofertilizerse1
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee2symbiont - Second interactor
- Stenotrophomonas malophiliae2symbiont
- Outcome
- all the studied vegetative and floral growth traitse1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“soaking the bulbs for 12 hours in Atonic before planting, as well as inoculation with biofertilizers and organic fertilization, led to a significant increase in all the studied vegetative and floral growth traits of this plant”
e2“soaking Polianthes tuberosa L. bulbs in Atonic solution and inoculation with bacterial biofertilizer Stenotrophomonas malophilia and fungal biofertilizer Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilization significantly increased all studied vegetative and floral growth traits of tuberose.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- all the studied vegetative and floral growth traitse1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“soaking the bulbs for 12 hours in Atonic before planting, as well as inoculation with biofertilizers and organic fertilization, led to a significant increase in all the studied vegetative and floral growth traits of this plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined soaking, inoculation and 4% water hyacinth compost treatment raised carbohydrate content in the leaves.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths composte1
- Outcome
- carbohydrate contente1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 4.271%e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“showed the superiority of the treatment involving soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths compost, significantly affecting the carbohydrate content, iron and manganese concentration in the leaves, fresh Peduncle weight, number of florets per plant and the number of bulbs”
e2“The recorded values were 4.271%, 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weight, 126.70 g, and 55.33 flower plant-1, and 17 bulbs plant-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment raised iron and manganese concentration in the leaves.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths composte1
- Outcome
- iron and manganese concentration in the leavese1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weighte2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“showed the superiority of the treatment involving soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths compost, significantly affecting the carbohydrate content, iron and manganese concentration in the leaves, fresh Peduncle weight, number of florets per plant and the number of bulbs”
e2“The recorded values were 4.271%, 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weight, 126.70 g, and 55.33 flower plant-1, and 17 bulbs plant-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment raised fresh peduncle weight.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths composte1
- Outcome
- fresh Peduncle weighte1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 126.70 ge2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“showed the superiority of the treatment involving soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths compost, significantly affecting the carbohydrate content, iron and manganese concentration in the leaves, fresh Peduncle weight, number of florets per plant and the number of bulbs”
e2“The recorded values were 4.271%, 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weight, 126.70 g, and 55.33 flower plant-1, and 17 bulbs plant-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment raised the number of florets per plant.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths composte1
- Outcome
- number of florets per plante1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 55.33 flower plant-1e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“showed the superiority of the treatment involving soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths compost, significantly affecting the carbohydrate content, iron and manganese concentration in the leaves, fresh Peduncle weight, number of florets per plant and the number of bulbs”
e2“The recorded values were 4.271%, 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weight, 126.70 g, and 55.33 flower plant-1, and 17 bulbs plant-1, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment raised the number of bulbs per plant.
- Taxon
- (POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)t0
- Treatment
- soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths composte1
- Outcome
- the number of bulbse1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 17 bulbs plant-1e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“(POLIANTHES TUBEROSA L.)”
e1“showed the superiority of the treatment involving soaking with Atonic, inoculation with the biofertilizer combination, and fertilization with a 4% level of water hyacinths compost, significantly affecting the carbohydrate content, iron and manganese concentration in the leaves, fresh Peduncle weight, number of florets per plant and the number of bulbs”
e2“The recorded values were 4.271%, 549.7 mg kg-1 dry weight, 73.0 mg kg-1 dry weight, 126.70 g, and 55.33 flower plant-1, and 17 bulbs plant-1, respectively”
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