Abstract
Abstract Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is a well‐established target enzyme for weed control, but widespread resistance to synthetic ALS inhibitors has necessitated the search for alternative herbicidal compounds. Plant‐derived alkaloids offer a diverse chemical framework that may exhibit unique interactions with ALS, potentially overcoming resistance mechanisms. In this study, an alkaloid‐rich extract from the leaves of Megathyrsus maximus (36.9741 ± 0.0056 mg CE/g) was evaluated for its phytotoxicity and in vitro ALS inhibition against three representative weed species: Echinochloa crus‐galli (grass), Cyperus iria (sedge), and Amaranthus spinosus (broadleaf). A lettuce seed germination assay demonstrated a dose‐dependent inhibition, with an IC50 of 609 ppm. The extract significantly reduced ALS activity (10 ppb), with mean relative activity of 41.79% for C. iria , 50.85% for E. crus‐galli , and 70.86% for A. spinosus . Thin‐layer chromatography led to the isolation of an alkaloid compound, confirmed by chemical tests and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. While the exact mode of action remains to be fully elucidated, these findings suggest that M. maximus alkaloids could interact with ALS differently than synthetic herbicides, highlighting their potential as a novel bioherbicidal approach. Further studies on their binding mechanism and field efficacy could help determine their role in sustainable weed management strategies.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Guinea grass extract inhibited lettuce seed germination with an IC50 of 609 ppm.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- alkaloid‐rich extract from guinea grasst0
- Outcome
- lettuce seed germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 609 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A lettuce seed germination assay demonstrated a dose‐dependent inhibition, with an IC50 of 609 ppm.”
t0“alkaloid‐rich extract from guinea grass ( Megathyrsus maximus )”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract reduced ALS activity in Cyperus iria to 41.79% relative activity.
- Taxon
- Cyperus iria
.jpg?width=60)
Cyperus iriae1 - Treatment
- extracte0
- Gene
- ALSe0
- Outcome
- ALS activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 41.79%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The extract significantly reduced ALS activity (10 ppb), with mean relative activity of 41.79% for C. iria”
e1“Cyperus iria (sedge)”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract reduced ALS activity in Echinochloa crus‐galli to 50.85% relative activity.
- Taxon
- Echinochloa crus‐galli
Echinochloa crus-gallie1 - Treatment
- extracte0
- Gene
- ALSe0
- Outcome
- ALS activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 50.85%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extract significantly reduced ALS activity (10 ppb), with mean relative activity of 41.79% for C. iria , 50.85% for E. crus‐galli”
e1“Echinochloa crus‐galli (grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract reduced ALS activity in Amaranthus spinosus to 70.86% relative activity.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus spinosus
Amaranthus spinosuse1 - Treatment
- extracte0
- Gene
- ALSe0
- Outcome
- ALS activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 70.86%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extract significantly reduced ALS activity (10 ppb), with mean relative activity of 41.79% for C. iria , 50.85% for E. crus‐galli , and 70.86% for A. spinosus”
e1“Amaranthus spinosus (broadleaf)”
Claim · model-written summary
An alkaloid compound was isolated from the guinea grass extract.
- Taxon
- Megathyrsus maximus
.jpg?width=60)
Megathyrsus maximust0 - Outcome
- isolation of an alkaloid compounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Thin‐layer chromatography led to the isolation of an alkaloid compound, confirmed by chemical tests and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.”
t0“guinea grass ( Megathyrsus maximus )”
The same questions in other papers
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