Abstract
To evaluate the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) treatments: applied via seed treatment and foliar spray; on post-harvest quality attributes of capsicum fruits, including texture score, specific gravity, maximum penetration and shearing force, cuticle thickness, moisture content, shelf life, and capsaicin content. A two-year pot experiment using a completely randomized design with seven treatments (control, three seed treatment concentrations, and three foliar spray concentrations of ZnO-NPs) and three replications; was conducted in net-house conditions at Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Capsicum seeds were soaked (T2, T4, T6) in ZnO-NPs suspensions (50, 100, 150 mg/L) for 24 hours before sowing (seed treatment); and sprayed (T3, T5, T7) with corresponding suspensions 15 days post-transplanting (foliar). T1 was taken as control (without application of ZnO-NPs). After harvest, uniform fruits were assessed for various fruit characteristics. The results revealed an increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs. With increased concentrations or foliar application, most attributes decreased; however, at 150 mg/L foliar spray, performance frequently returned to control levels. A low-dose ZnO-NP seed treatment (50-100 mg/L) significantly improved the pungency, post-harvest quality, and mechanical integrity of capsicum fruits. Based on the results, which highlight the significance of dosage and application technique, capsicum fruit quality can be considerably improved by targeted early-stage root uptake of ZnO-NPs.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased texture score to 8.08.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- texture scoree0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 8.08e0
CapsicumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased specific gravity to 0.84.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- specific gravitye0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 0.84e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased penetration force to 11.98 N.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- penetration forcee0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 11.98 Ne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased shearing force to 80.70 N.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- shearing forcee0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 80.70 Ne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased cuticle thickness to 38.9 µm.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- cuticle thicknesse0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 38.9 µme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased moisture content to 93.7%.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 93.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased shelf life to 6.9 days.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- shelf lifee0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 6.9 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs increased capsaicin content to 0.21%.
- Treatment
- seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- capsaicin (0.21%) contente0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 0.21%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increment in texture score (8.08), specific gravity (0.84), penetration force (11.98 N), shearing force (80.70 N), cuticle thickness (38.9 µm), moisture content (93.7%), shelf life (6.9 days), and capsaicin (0.21%) content, under treatment comprising seed treatment of capsicum with 50 mg/L ZnO-NPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Most fruit attributes decreased at higher ZnO-NP concentrations or with foliar application.
- Treatment
- increased concentrations or foliar applicatione0
- Outcome
- most attributese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increased concentrations or foliar application, most attributes decreased”
t0“Capsicum”
Claim · model-written summary
At 150 mg/L foliar spray, fruit attributes frequently returned to control levels.
- Treatment
- 150 mg/L foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- performancee0
- Direction
- returned to control levelse0
- Comparator
- control levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 150 mg/L foliar spray, performance frequently returned to control levels”
t0“Capsicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-dose seed treatment significantly improved capsicum pungency, postharvest quality and mechanical integrity.
- Treatment
- low-dose ZnO-NP seed treatment (50-100 mg/L)e0
- Outcome
- pungency, post-harvest quality, and mechanical integritye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A low-dose ZnO-NP seed treatment (50-100 mg/L) significantly improved the pungency, post-harvest quality, and mechanical integrity of capsicum fruits”
The same questions in other papers
zinc oxide · quality: phytochemicals · Capsicum (peppers)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
zinc oxide · quality: general · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
zinc oxide · quality: postharvest · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · quality: general · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
seed treatment · quality: postharvest · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
seed treatment · quality: grain · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.