Abstract
Selenium (Se) biofortification, as an important strategy to reduce hidden hunger levels by increasing the nutritional quality of crops, has been previously investigated in very few studies. This research aimed to understand how selenium nanoparticles (SeNP) affect the growth and physiological parameters of the mung bean plants ( Vigna radiata L.) and the selenium biofortification of mung bean seeds. Plants grown in greenhouse and semi-natural conditions were sprayed with SeNP at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 mg/l, 48 and 43 days after planting.In the greenhouse conditions, 94 days after germination, intracellular changes, antioxidant enzymes, photosynthetic pigments, and biomass were evaluated. In semi-natural conditions, the effects of SeNP on the yield and quality of mung beans were determined. In the greenhouse, 25 and 50 mg/L concentrations significantly raised SOD activity by 26.9% and 36.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05), but not in the semi-natural conditions. At 50 mg/L, the dry matter significantly increased in both conditions by 10% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Additionally, such concentration increased seed yield compared with the control (243%; p≤ 0.05). At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed, reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Conversely, there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions, and the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). The concentrations of 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L did not affect the levels of P and K in the grains; however, it resulted in a reduction in the amount of Fe and Zn while simultaneously increasing the Se content (by 629 and 1053%; p≤ 0.05). The results suggest that nano selenium application may be a promising option for Se enrichment of food supply for people with Se deficiency.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse conditions, 25 mg/L SeNP raised SOD activity by 26.9% versus control.
- Taxon
- mung bean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- 25 and 50 mg/L concentrationse0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 26.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In the greenhouse, 25 and 50 mg/L concentrations significantly raised SOD activity by 26.9% and 36.9% compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse conditions, 50 mg/L SeNP raised SOD activity by 36.9% versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 50 mg/L concentrationse0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 36.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the greenhouse, 25 and 50 mg/L concentrations significantly raised SOD activity by 26.9% and 36.9% compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The greenhouse SOD response was absent under semi-natural conditions.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- SeNPe2
- Outcome
- SOD activitye1
- Setting
- semi-natural conditionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not in the semi-natural conditions”
t0“mung bean”
e1“SOD activity by 26.9% and 36.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05), but not in the semi-natural conditions”
e2“sprayed with SeNP”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 mg/L SeNP, dry matter increased 10% in both conditions versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 50 mg/Le0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- both conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 50 mg/L, the dry matter significantly increased in both conditions by 10% compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 mg/L SeNP, seed yield increased 243% versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 50 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 243%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“such concentration increased seed yield compared with the control (243%; p≤ 0.05)”
t0“mung bean”
e1“At 50 mg/L, the dry matter significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg/L SeNP in the greenhouse, intracellular structure was destroyed.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg/Le0
- Outcome
- intracellular structure destroyede0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg/L SeNP in the greenhouse, chlorophyll a fell by 30.6% versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 30.6%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
e1“At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed, reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Conversely, there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions, and the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg/L SeNP in the greenhouse, dry matter accumulation fell by 15.9% versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 15.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
e1“At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed, reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Conversely, there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions, and the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg/L SeNP, plants showed no stress signs under semi-natural conditions.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- no signs of stresse0
- Setting
- semi-natural conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions”
t0“mung bean”
e1“At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed, reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Conversely, there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions, and the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg/L SeNP under semi-natural conditions, dry matter increased significantly versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- semi-natural conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
e1“At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed, reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Conversely, there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions, and the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg/L SeNP under semi-natural conditions, grain yield increased significantly versus control.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg/Le1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- semi-natural conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control”
t0“mung bean”
e1“At 75 mg/L, plants grown in the greenhouse had the intracellular structure destroyed, reduced chlorophyll a and dry matter accumulation by 30.6% and 15.9% compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05). Conversely, there were no signs of stress under semi-natural conditions, and the dry matter and grain yield significantly enhanced compared with the control ( p≤ 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L, grain P and K levels were unaffected.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 50 and 75 mg SeNP/Le0
- Outcome
- levels of P and K in the grainse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L did not affect the levels of P and K in the grains”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L, grain Fe and Zn amounts declined.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 50 and 75 mg SeNP/Le1
- Outcome
- amount of Fe and Zne0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it resulted in a reduction in the amount of Fe and Zn”
t0“mung bean”
e1“The concentrations of 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L did not affect the levels of P and K in the grains”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 mg SeNP/L, grain Se content rose 629%.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 50 and 75 mg SeNP/Le1
- Outcome
- Se contente0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 629e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the Se content (by 629 and 1053%; p≤ 0.05)”
t0“mung bean”
e1“The concentrations of 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L did not affect the levels of P and K in the grains”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75 mg SeNP/L, grain Se content rose 1053%.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 75 mg SeNP/Le1
- Outcome
- Se contente0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 1053%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the Se content (by 629 and 1053%; p≤ 0.05)”
t0“mung bean”
e1“The concentrations of 50 and 75 mg SeNP/L did not affect the levels of P and K in the grains”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.