Abstract
Here we report the effects of aqueous extracts of the plant Moringa oleifera and rhizobacterial strains, Bacillus australimaris (BA-LWD73) and B. thuringiensis (BT-WAG41), applied singly and in combination, on tomato growth and Meloidogyne incognita infection. Plant height, root length, shoot and root biomass (fresh and dry), were significantly increased by most treatments compared to the control. The combined treatment of BA-LWD73 + M. oleifera produced the highest plant height (96.94 cm) and root length (30.48 cm). The highest shoot biomass was observed in BA-LWD73 alone treatment while root biomass was generally lower in all treatments than in the control. M. incognita induced, root gall rating, number of eggs per root system, second stage juveniles (J2), and reproduction rate, were significantly reduced in treatments involving M. oleifera and BA-LWD73, either alone or in combination. The lowest root gall rating (2.67) and J2 count (680) were observed in B. australimaris LWD73 + M. oleifera treatment. FTIR analysis of M. oleifera extract indicated the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, C=C, S=O, and C–O, suggesting bioactive potential. GC-MS analysis revealed six phytocompounds, with 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (71.76%) as the dominant component, all known for antimicrobial and nematicidal activities. Moreover, volatile organic compounds from BA-LWD73 included 1H-Indole (87.46%) and 2-Nonanone (6.54%), known for their nematicidal properties. These findings highlight the potential of rhizobacteria and plant extracts in promoting tomato growth and suppressing M. incognita infection.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts of M. oleifera and rhizobacteria increased plant height, root length, and shoot and root biomass in tomato compared with the control, in most treatments.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- aqueous extracts of the plant Moringa oleifera and rhizobacterial strainse0
- Outcome
- Plant height, root length, shoot and root biomasse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- by most treatmentse1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e0“effects of aqueous extracts of the plant Moringa oleifera and rhizobacterial strains”
e1“Plant height, root length, shoot and root biomass (fresh and dry), were significantly increased by most treatments compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined BA-LWD73 and M. oleifera treatment gave the highest plant height in tomato, 96.94 cm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- combined treatment of BA-LWD73 + M. oleiferae2
- Interactor
- BA-LWD73e2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 96.94 cme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e2“The combined treatment of BA-LWD73 + M. oleifera produced the highest plant height (96.94 cm) and root length (30.48 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined BA-LWD73 and M. oleifera treatment gave the highest root length in tomato, 30.48 cm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- combined treatment of BA-LWD73 + M. oleiferae2
- Interactor
- BA-LWD73e2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root lengthe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 30.48 cme2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e2“The combined treatment of BA-LWD73 + M. oleifera produced the highest plant height (96.94 cm) and root length (30.48 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
BA-LWD73 alone gave the highest shoot biomass in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- BA-LWD73 alone treatmente3
- Interactor
- BA-LWD73e3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e3“The highest shoot biomass was observed in BA-LWD73 alone treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Root biomass of tomato was generally lower in all treatments than in the control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse4
- Outcome
- root biomasse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- the controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e4“root biomass was generally lower in all treatments than in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments with M. oleifera and BA-LWD73 significantly reduced root gall rating and number of eggs per root system caused by M. incognita in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatments involving M. oleifera and BA-LWD73e5
- Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae5pest - Second interactor
- BA-LWD73e5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root gall rating, number of eggs per root systeme5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e5“M. incognita induced, root gall rating, number of eggs per root system, second stage juveniles (J2), and reproduction rate, were significantly reduced in treatments involving M. oleifera and BA-LWD73, either alone or in combination”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments with M. oleifera and BA-LWD73 significantly reduced J2 and reproduction rate of M. incognita in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatments involving M. oleifera and BA-LWD73e5
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae5pest
- Second interactor
- BA-LWD73e5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- second stage juveniles (J2), and reproduction ratee5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e5“M. incognita induced, root gall rating, number of eggs per root system, second stage juveniles (J2), and reproduction rate, were significantly reduced in treatments involving M. oleifera and BA-LWD73, either alone or in combination”
Claim · model-written summary
The B. australimaris LWD73 and M. oleifera treatment gave the lowest root gall rating, 2.67, in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. australimaris LWD73 + M. oleifera treatmente6
- Interactor
- B. australimaris LWD73Bacillus australimarise6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root gall ratinge6
- Direction
- loweste6
- Value
- 2.67e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e6“The lowest root gall rating (2.67) and J2 count (680) were observed in B. australimaris LWD73 + M. oleifera treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The B. australimaris LWD73 and M. oleifera treatment gave the lowest J2 count, 680, in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. australimaris LWD73 + M. oleifera treatmente6
- Interactor
- B. australimaris LWD73Bacillus australimarise6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- J2 counte6
- Direction
- loweste6
- Value
- 680e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e6“The lowest root gall rating (2.67) and J2 count (680) were observed in B. australimaris LWD73 + M. oleifera treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
FTIR of the M. oleifera extract indicated functional groups such as hydroxyl, C=C, S=O and C–O.
- Taxon
- M. oleifera
Moringa oleiferae7 - Outcome
- functional groups such as hydroxyl, C=C, S=O, and C–Oe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e7“FTIR analysis of M. oleifera extract indicated the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, C=C, S=O, and C–O”
Claim · model-written summary
GC-MS of the M. oleifera extract revealed six phytocompounds.
- Taxon
- M. oleiferaMoringa oleiferae7
- Outcome
- phytocompoundse1
- Value
- sixe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e7“FTIR analysis of M. oleifera extract indicated the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, C=C, S=O, and C–O”
e1“GC-MS analysis revealed six phytocompounds, with 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (71.76%) as the dominant component”
Claim · model-written summary
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was the dominant component of the M. oleifera extract, at 71.76%.
- Taxon
- M. oleiferaMoringa oleiferae7
- Outcome
- 5-Hydroxymethylfurfurale1
- Value
- 71.76%e1
- Qualifier
- dominant componente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e7“FTIR analysis of M. oleifera extract indicated the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, C=C, S=O, and C–O”
e1“GC-MS analysis revealed six phytocompounds, with 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (71.76%) as the dominant component”
Claim · model-written summary
Volatile organic compounds from BA-LWD73 included 1H-Indole at 87.46%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- BA-LWD73e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- 1H-Indolee1
- Value
- 87.46%e1
- Qualifier
- volatile organic compoundse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e1“volatile organic compounds from BA-LWD73 included 1H-Indole (87.46%) and 2-Nonanone (6.54%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Volatile organic compounds from BA-LWD73 included 2-Nonanone at 6.54%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- BA-LWD73e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- 2-Nonanonee1
- Value
- 6.54%e1
- Qualifier
- volatile organic compoundse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Meloidogyne incognita in tomato”
e1“volatile organic compounds from BA-LWD73 included 1H-Indole (87.46%) and 2-Nonanone (6.54%)”
The same questions in other papers
N-benzyladenine · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
38 papers more in this group
See all 42 papers →N-benzyladenine · Meloidogyne incognita · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Moringa oleifera · Meloidogyne incognita · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Moringa oleifera · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
botanical · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
202 papers in the same direction as this paper · 87 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
287 papers more in this group
See all 291 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.