Abstract
Ikpeshi and Okpella, communities in Edo State, Nigeria, are areas with active mining operations. These activities can significantly impact the surrounding environment, including the plant life and, consequently, the phytochemical composition of plants growing in these areas. This study investigated the effects of nitrogen amendment on the phytochemical composition of cassava grown in mining soil. The experiment was conducted on loamy sandy soil collected from two different sites each from Ikpeshi and Okpella, and the experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design in triplicate with two treatments of 2 g and 2.5 g nitrogen. Steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, phlobatannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides with a steroidal nucleus (CG1), cardiac glycosides with deoxy sugar, cardiac glycosides with cardenolides, and phenols, except for anthraquinone, which was absent, were analyzed in the methanolic extract cassava. The highest concentration of all parameters was recorded for CG1 at Okpella site A (4.91 ± 0.16), and phlobatannin was observed to have the lowest concentration of all parameters, at 0.04 ± 0.02 for Ikpeshi site A at 2 g nitrogen. Increased nitrogen concentration significantly increased the concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols, while other phytochemicals remained relatively stable. At 2.5 g nitrogen, the highest flavonoid concentration was recorded for IKA (1.69 ± 0.02), the highest phenol concentration was recorded for IKB (1.39 ± 0.06), and the highest alkaloid concentration was recorded for OKB (1.69 ± 0.28). This study provides evidence that nitrogen amendment influences the phytochemical composition of cassava grown in post-mining soils from Ikpeshi and Okpella.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Anthraquinone was absent from cassava extract.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Outcome
- anthraquinone, which was absente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, phlobatannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides with a steroidal nucleus (CG1), cardiac glycosides with deoxy sugar, cardiac glycosides with cardenolides, and phenols, except for anthraquinone, which was absent, were analyzed in the methanolic extract cassava.”
Claim · model-written summary
CG1 had the highest concentration of all measured parameters at Okpella site A.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- highest concentration of all parameters was recorded for CG1e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.91 ± 0.16e0
- Setting
- Okpella site Ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“The highest concentration of all parameters was recorded for CG1 at Okpella site A (4.91 ± 0.16)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phlobatannin had the lowest measured concentration at Ikpeshi site A with 2 g nitrogen.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 2 g nitrogene0
- Outcome
- phlobatannin was observed to have the lowest concentratione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.04 ± 0.02e0
- Setting
- Ikpeshi site Ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“phlobatannin was observed to have the lowest concentration of all parameters, at 0.04 ± 0.02 for Ikpeshi site A at 2 g nitrogen.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrogen significantly increased alkaloid concentration.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Increased nitrogen concentratione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of alkaloidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“Increased nitrogen concentration significantly increased the concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrogen significantly increased flavonoid concentration.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Increased nitrogen concentratione0
- Outcome
- flavonoidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“Increased nitrogen concentration significantly increased the concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrogen significantly increased phenol concentration.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Increased nitrogen concentratione0
- Outcome
- phenolse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“Increased nitrogen concentration significantly increased the concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols”
Claim · model-written summary
Other measured phytochemicals remained relatively stable with increased nitrogen.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Increased nitrogen concentratione0
- Outcome
- other phytochemicalse0
- Direction
- remained relatively stablee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“Increased nitrogen concentration significantly increased the concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols, while other phytochemicals remained relatively stable.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2.5 g nitrogen, IKA had the highest flavonoid concentration of 1.69 ± 0.02.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 2.5 g nitrogene0
- Outcome
- flavonoid concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.69 ± 0.02e0
- Setting
- IKAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“At 2.5 g nitrogen, the highest flavonoid concentration was recorded for IKA (1.69 ± 0.02)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2.5 g nitrogen, IKB had the highest phenol concentration of 1.39 ± 0.06.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- phenol concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.39 ± 0.06e0
- Setting
- IKBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“the highest phenol concentration was recorded for IKB (1.39 ± 0.06)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2.5 g nitrogen, OKB had the highest alkaloid concentration of 1.69 ± 0.28.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- alkaloid concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.69 ± 0.28e0
- Setting
- OKBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e0“the highest alkaloid concentration was recorded for OKB (1.69 ± 0.28)”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: phytochemicals · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.