Abstract
Water scarcity severely affects crop productivity, necessitating innovative solutions, such as using nanoparticles as stress regulators. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) enriched with proline (ZnOP) and betaine (ZnOBt) in mitigating drought stress in coriander growth. Coriander plants were grown in pots supplemented with ZnO NPs and its derivatives. The leaves and seeds extracts were subjected to antioxidant and phenolics, flavonoid profiling. The seed oil was also characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to figure out the chemical composition. Plants exposed to drought stress showed poor vegetative growth parameters. However, application of ZnO nanocomposites reducing effects of stress thus improving growth and productivity of coriander plants. Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm). Number of umbels increased up to 8 while yield increased by 142 % and 129 % under nanocomposites treatments. At 50 mg/kg ZnOP and ZnOBt, total phenolics contents in leaves decreased up to 22 % and 32 %, respectively while total flavonoids contents up to 11 % and 13 %, respectively. Free radical scavenging was 55 % under ZnO, 50 % under ZnOP and 57 % under ZnOBt NPs while in drought stress it was 64 %. Total antioxidant activity and total reducing power potential in plant leaves also significantly decreased upon NPs treatment. Seed yield and nutritional quality was also improved by the application of zinc nanocomposites. Oil content in seeds improved by 59 % and 37 % in presence of ZnOP50 and ZnOBt50, respectively. GC-MS analysis also showed increases in some important essential oil content of seeds like 3-hexanol, limonene, linalool, tetradecanoic acid etc. Total phenolics and flavonoids; free radical scavenging, and antioxidant potential of seeds extract decreased by nano treatment as compared to drought stress while increased as compared to control plants seeds. Proline and betaine accumulation in seeds on nanocomposite treatments also improved the seeds nutritional quality. These findings confirm that zinc nanocomposites treatment results in accumulation of various phytochemicals and quenching of oxidative stress in plants and also have positive effect on coriander seeds production and nutritional quality. These nanocomposite materials can be used to obtained better coriander crop yield even under drought conditions and this system have potential to be further applied to other crops under different stresses offering promising prospects for enhancing crop resilience and productivity
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-stressed coriander had poor vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- coriander
Coriandrum sativumt0 - Outcome
- vegetative growth parameterse0
- Qualifier
- drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants exposed to drought stress showed poor vegetative growth parameters.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP increased coriander plant height by up to 84% compared with drought-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- CorianderCoriandrum sativume0
- Treatment
- ZnOPe0
- Outcome
- plants heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 84 %e0
- Qualifier
- 61.87 cme0
- Comparator
- drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm).”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOBt increased coriander plant height by up to 82% compared with drought-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- CorianderCoriandrum sativume0
- Treatment
- ZnOBte0
- Outcome
- plants heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 82 %e0
- Qualifier
- 61.87 cme0
- Comparator
- drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm).”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanocomposites increased the number of umbels to 8.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnO nanocompositese1
- Outcome
- Number of umbelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number of umbels increased up to 8”
t0“coriander”
e1“application of ZnO nanocomposites reducing effects of stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP increased yield by 142%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield increased by 142 % and 129 % under nanocomposites treatments”
t0“coriander”
e1“Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm).”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOBt increased yield by 129%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield increased by 142 % and 129 % under nanocomposites treatments”
t0“coriander”
e1“Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm).”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 mg/kg ZnOP, leaf total phenolics decreased by up to 22%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- 50 mg/kg ZnOPe0
- Outcome
- total phenolics contents in leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 22 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 50 mg/kg ZnOP and ZnOBt, total phenolics contents in leaves decreased up to 22 % and 32 %”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 mg/kg ZnOBt, leaf total phenolics decreased by up to 32%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOBte0
- Outcome
- total phenolics contents in leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 32 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 50 mg/kg ZnOP and ZnOBt, total phenolics contents in leaves decreased up to 22 % and 32 %”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP lowered leaf total flavonoids by up to 11%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOPe1
- Outcome
- total flavonoids contentse0
- Value
- 11 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total flavonoids contents up to 11 % and 13 %, respectively”
t0“coriander”
e1“Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm).”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOBt lowered leaf total flavonoids by up to 13%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOBte1
- Outcome
- total flavonoids contentse0
- Value
- 13 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total flavonoids contents up to 11 % and 13 %, respectively”
t0“coriander”
e1“Coriander plants height increased up to 84 % and 82 % under ZnOP and ZnOBt treatment compared to drought stressed plants (61.87 cm).”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO treatment gave 55% free radical scavenging, compared with 64% in drought stress.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOe0
- Outcome
- Free radical scavenginge0
- Value
- 55 %e0
- Qualifier
- 64 %e0
- Comparator
- drought stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Free radical scavenging was 55 % under ZnO, 50 % under ZnOP and 57 % under ZnOBt NPs while in drought stress it was 64 %.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP treatment gave 50% free radical scavenging, compared with 64% in drought stress.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOPe0
- Outcome
- Free radical scavenginge0
- Value
- 50 %e0
- Qualifier
- 64 %e0
- Comparator
- drought stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Free radical scavenging was 55 % under ZnO, 50 % under ZnOP and 57 % under ZnOBt NPs while in drought stress it was 64 %.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOBt treatment gave 57% free radical scavenging, compared with 64% in drought stress.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOBt NPse0
- Outcome
- Free radical scavenginge0
- Value
- 57 %e0
- Qualifier
- 64 %e0
- Comparator
- drought stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Free radical scavenging was 55 % under ZnO, 50 % under ZnOP and 57 % under ZnOBt NPs while in drought stress it was 64 %.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle treatment significantly decreased leaf total antioxidant activity and reducing power.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- NPs treatmente0
- Outcome
- Total antioxidant activity and total reducing power potential in plant leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total antioxidant activity and total reducing power potential in plant leaves also significantly decreased upon NPs treatment.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOP50 increased seed oil content by 59%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOP50e0
- Outcome
- Oil content in seedse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 59 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oil content in seeds improved by 59 % and 37 % in presence of ZnOP50 and ZnOBt50, respectively.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnOBt50 increased seed oil content by 37%.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- ZnOBt50e0
- Outcome
- Oil content in seedse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 37 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oil content in seeds improved by 59 % and 37 % in presence of ZnOP50 and ZnOBt50, respectively.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanocomposites increased selected coriander seed essential oil constituents.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- zinc nanocompositese1
- Outcome
- essential oil content of seedse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increases in some important essential oil content of seeds like 3-hexanol, limonene, linalool, tetradecanoic acid etc.”
t0“coriander”
e1“Seed yield and nutritional quality was also improved by the application of zinc nanocomposites.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanotreatment reduced seed phenolics, flavonoids, free radical scavenging and antioxidant potential relative to drought stress, but increased them relative to controls.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- nano treatmente0
- Outcome
- Total phenolics and flavonoids; free radical scavenging, and antioxidant potential of seeds extracte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total phenolics and flavonoids; free radical scavenging, and antioxidant potential of seeds extract decreased by nano treatment as compared to drought stress while increased as compared to control plants seeds.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanocomposite treatments increased seed proline and betaine accumulation.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativumt0
- Treatment
- nanocomposite treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Proline and betaine accumulation in seedse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proline and betaine accumulation in seeds on nanocomposite treatments also improved the seeds nutritional quality.”
t0“coriander”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose zinc nanocomposites for coriander yield under drought.
- Taxon
- corianderCoriandrum sativume0
- Outcome
- better coriander crop yield even under drought conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These nanocomposite materials can be used to obtained better coriander crop yield even under drought conditions”
The same questions in other papers
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.