Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of ZnO and green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from Sargassum ilicifolium extract on the biochemical interactions between tomato leaves and the destructive pest Tuta absoluta . The average size and stability of ZnO-NPs were characterized using DLS, X-RD, and FE-SEM. Peaks in the FT-IR spectrum of the extract of the algae and ZnO-NPs, indicated the presence of carboxyl groups, amines, alkynes and alcohols. Treated tomato leaves exhibited increased total chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, particularly at 100 and 50 ppm, compared to the control. A significant increase in total flavonoid content was observed at 100 ppm, while total phenolic content was also enhanced at 50 ppm. In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity. Additionally, G 6 PD and ALT activities decreased at 50 ppm compared to the control. Lactate, MDA, and the RSSR/RSH increased at 100 ppm. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs at 50 and 100 ppm elevated larval aldolase activity, while AST and γ-GT activities declined. These findings indicate that ZnO-NPs enhance tomato defense mechanisms and mitigate larval damage, supporting their potential use in integrated pest management strategies against T. absoluta .
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Treated tomato leaves had increased chlorophyll and anthocyanin, particularly at 100 and 50 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Treatede0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll and anthocyanin contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treated tomato leaves exhibited increased total chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, particularly at 100 and 50 ppm, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Total flavonoid content rose significantly at 100 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- total flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant increase in total flavonoid content was observed at 100 ppm, while total phenolic content was also enhanced at 50 ppm.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolic content was enhanced at 50 ppm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 50 ppme0
- Outcome
- total phenolic contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant increase in total flavonoid content was observed at 100 ppm, while total phenolic content was also enhanced at 50 ppm.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs reduced four larval biochemical measures.
- Taxon
- T. absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae0 - Treatment
- 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levelse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval catalase activity increased after ZnO-NP exposure.
- Taxon
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0
- Treatment
- 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- catalase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval G 6 PD and ALT activities declined at 50 ppm.
- Taxon
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1
- Treatment
- 50 ppme0
- Outcome
- G 6 PD and ALT activitiese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, G 6 PD and ALT activities decreased at 50 ppm compared to the control.”
e1“In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval lactate, MDA, and RSSR/RSH increased at 100 ppm.
- Taxon
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1
- Treatment
- 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- Lactate, MDA, and the RSSR/RSHe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lactate, MDA, and the RSSR/RSH increased at 100 ppm.”
e1“In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval aldolase activity increased at 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs.
- Taxon
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPs at 50 and 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- larval aldolase activitye0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, ZnO-NPs at 50 and 100 ppm elevated larval aldolase activity, while AST and γ-GT activities declined.”
e1“In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval AST and γ-GT activities declined after ZnO-NP treatment.
- Taxon
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPs at 50 and 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- AST and γ-GT activitiese0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, ZnO-NPs at 50 and 100 ppm elevated larval aldolase activity, while AST and γ-GT activities declined.”
e1“In T. absoluta larvae, exposure to 50 and 100 ppm ZnO-NPs led to a reduction in α-amylase, total protease, total protein, and TAG levels, alongside increased catalase activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs enhanced tomato defense and mitigated larval damage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- tomato defense mechanisms and mitigate larval damagee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These findings indicate that ZnO-NPs enhance tomato defense mechanisms and mitigate larval damage, supporting their potential use in integrated pest management strategies against T. absoluta .”
The same questions in other papers
zinc oxide · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →nanoparticle · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.