Abstract
Agricultural practices must adapt to address new climatic conditions and the rising global demand for food. Among these practices, cultivating crops resilient to various stresses while maintaining productivity—such as annual legume crops—is essential. This study aims to assess the competitive interactions between legume crops and weeds. Field experiments were conducted using a Randomized Complete Block design with three replicates. Six weed treatments, representing the presence and absence of weeds (utilizing natural weed communities) were applied as the main plots for each of three-grain legumes: pea (Pisum sativum), faba bean (Vicia faba), and vetch (Vicia sativa), under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. To evaluate the crops' competitive abilities, weed and crop biomass were collected at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after sowing (WAS). Additionally, pod yield was measured for each species to determine crop yield. The results indicated that faba bean exhibited the strongest growth competition, sowing: a) the smallest difference in final (9WAS) biomass between weedy and weed-free treatments compared to peas and vetch (30, 55, 57% reduction, respectively), and b) significant benefits in continuous removal of weeds in peas, vetch as compared to the no-benefits in such treatment in faba beans. In terms of yield tolerance to weed competition, peas demonstrated the greatest resilience, followed by faba beans and vetch (24, 38, 76% reduction, respectively). The timing of the manifestation of the crops' suppressive abilities varied: in peas and vetch, there was no measurable effect on growth due to the weed competition at the early and medium stages (at 3 and 6WAS) of crop development but only at the late stage (9WAS). Given the importance of grain legumes and the limited research on their competitive interactions with weeds, further studies are needed to promote more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean had the smallest final biomass reduction from weed competition, compared with peas and vetch.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabae1 - Treatment
- weedy and weed-free treatmentse1
- Outcome
- difference in final (9WAS) biomasse1
- Direction
- smalleste1
- Qualifier
- 30, 55, 57% reduction, respectivelye1
- Comparator
- peas and vetche1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“faba bean”
e1“faba bean exhibited the strongest growth competition, sowing: a) the smallest difference in final (9WAS) biomass between weedy and weed-free treatments compared to peas and vetch (30, 55, 57% reduction, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous weed removal gave significant benefits in peas.
- Taxon
- peas
Lathyrus oleraceuse2 - Treatment
- continuous removal of weedse2
- Outcome
- benefitse2
- Direction
- significant benefitse2
- Comparator
- faba beanse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“significant benefits in continuous removal of weeds in peas, vetch as compared to the no-benefits in such treatment in faba beans”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous weed removal gave significant benefits in vetch.
Verbatim
e2“significant benefits in continuous removal of weeds in peas, vetch as compared to the no-benefits in such treatment in faba beans”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous weed removal gave no benefit in faba beans.
- Taxon
- faba beansVicia fabae2
- Treatment
- continuous removal of weedse2
- Outcome
- benefitse2
- Direction
- no-benefitse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“significant benefits in continuous removal of weeds in peas, vetch as compared to the no-benefits in such treatment in faba beans”
Claim · model-written summary
Peas had the greatest yield tolerance to weed competition, with a 24% yield reduction, ahead of faba beans and vetch.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse3
- Treatment
- weed competitione3
- Outcome
- yield tolerance to weed competitione3
- Direction
- greatest resiliencee3
- Qualifier
- 24, 38, 76% reduction, respectivelye3
- Comparator
- faba beans and vetche3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“faba bean”
e3“In terms of yield tolerance to weed competition, peas demonstrated the greatest resilience, followed by faba beans and vetch (24, 38, 76% reduction, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition had no measurable effect on pea growth at 3 and 6 WAS, and only at 9 WAS.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse4
- Treatment
- weed competitione4
- Outcome
- growthe4
- Direction
- no measurable effecte4
- Qualifier
- at the early and medium stages (at 3 and 6WAS) of crop development but only at the late stage (9WAS)e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“in peas and vetch, there was no measurable effect on growth due to the weed competition at the early and medium stages (at 3 and 6WAS) of crop development but only at the late stage (9WAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition had no measurable effect on vetch growth at 3 and 6 WAS, and only at 9 WAS.
- Taxon
- vetche4
- Treatment
- weed competitione4
- Outcome
- growthe4
- Direction
- no measurable effecte4
- Qualifier
- at the early and medium stages (at 3 and 6WAS) of crop development but only at the late stage (9WAS)e4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e4“in peas and vetch, there was no measurable effect on growth due to the weed competition at the early and medium stages (at 3 and 6WAS) of crop development but only at the late stage (9WAS)”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · growth · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →competition · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.