Abstract
The efficiency and consistency of biologicals in the field remain a drawback of current conventional products. The development of systemic biological products has opened a new avenue for microbiological and agricultural research. In this study, we evaluated over a two-year period (2022 and 2023) the functioning of two systemic products, a biofertilizer and biofungicide, on the performance of the onion. The first indicator of proper functioning of these products in onions was reflected in increased chlorophyll accumulation. At the end of both years, the inoculated plants were taller, heavier, and developed more leaves than their control counterparts (p < 0.5). Inoculated onion bulbs collected at harvest time were significantly heavier (45.1% in 2022 and 56.2% in 2023) than their non-inoculated counterparts (p < 0.5). Onion quality, expressed in terms of total soluble solids and pyruvic acid content, was also significantly improved in plants inoculated with the biological products; the two-year average values for these quality variables were 10.2 vs. 14.4°Brix and 2.3 vs. 4.0 µmol∙g−1 for control and biologically treated plants, respectively. The two-year average fungal incidence was 1.9 times greater in the control group than in the inoculated plants, while the average onion yield for this period was 44.7% higher (p < 0.5) in the biologically treated plot (54.7 t∙ha−1) than in the control one (37.8 t∙ha−1). Based on comparisons with previous studies employing conventional biologicals, our results demonstrate the superior effectiveness of the systemic biologicas in improving onion performance.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased onion chlorophyll accumulation.
- Taxon
- onions
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- these productse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first indicator of proper functioning of these products in onions was reflected in increased chlorophyll accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated onions were taller, heavier and had more leaves than controls.
- Taxon
- OnionsAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- taller, heavier, and developed more leavese0
- Direction
- tallere0
- Qualifier
- p < 0.5e0
- Comparator
- control counterpartse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the end of both years, the inoculated plants were taller, heavier, and developed more leaves than their control counterparts (p < 0.5).”
t0“Onions”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated onion bulbs were 45.1% heavier in 2022.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Inoculatede0
- Outcome
- onion bulbse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Value
- 45.1%e0
- Qualifier
- 2022e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated counterpartse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated onion bulbs collected at harvest time were significantly heavier (45.1% in 2022 and 56.2% in 2023) than their non-inoculated counterparts (p < 0.5).”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated onion bulbs were 56.2% heavier in 2023.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Inoculatede0
- Outcome
- onion bulbse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Value
- 56.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 2023e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated counterpartse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated onion bulbs collected at harvest time were significantly heavier (45.1% in 2022 and 56.2% in 2023) than their non-inoculated counterparts (p < 0.5).”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological treatment improved soluble solids from 10.2 to 14.4°Brix.
- Taxon
- OnionsAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- biologically treated plantse0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 14.4°Brixe0
- Qualifier
- 10.2e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion quality, expressed in terms of total soluble solids and pyruvic acid content, was also significantly improved in plants inoculated with the biological products; the two-year average values for these quality variables were 10.2 vs. 14.4°Brix and 2.3 vs. 4.0 µmol∙g−1 for control and biologically treated plants, respectively.”
t0“Onions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological treatment improved pyruvic acid content from 2.3 to 4.0 µmol∙g−1.
- Taxon
- OnionsAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- biologically treated plantse0
- Outcome
- pyruvic acid contente0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 4.0 µmol∙g−1e0
- Qualifier
- 2.3e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion quality, expressed in terms of total soluble solids and pyruvic acid content, was also significantly improved in plants inoculated with the biological products; the two-year average values for these quality variables were 10.2 vs. 14.4°Brix and 2.3 vs. 4.0 µmol∙g−1 for control and biologically treated plants, respectively.”
t0“Onions”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plots had 1.9 times greater fungal incidence than inoculated plots.
- Taxon
- OnionsAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse0
- Outcome
- fungal incidencee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 1.9 timese0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year average fungal incidence was 1.9 times greater in the control group than in the inoculated plants”
t0“Onions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biological treatment increased onion yield 44.7% over controls.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- biologically treated plote0
- Outcome
- onion yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 44.7%e0
- Qualifier
- 54.7 t∙ha−1e0
- Comparator
- control onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the average onion yield for this period was 44.7% higher (p < 0.5) in the biologically treated plot (54.7 t∙ha−1) than in the control one (37.8 t∙ha−1).”
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