Abstract
The experiment aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using high doses of nitrogen (N) and delaying the sowing of living mulch in the apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard as factors stimulating tree growth and influencing fruit quality. Blue fescue (Festuca ovina L.), as a cover crop, was sown in the tree rows in the second and fourth year after tree planting. It was compared to herbicide fallow control treatment. In each floor management, four N doses (50, 80, 110, and 140 kg ha−1) were used every year. The study indicated the dominance of living mulch, especially sowing in the second year after tree planting as a factor influencing the reduction in growth and yield but improving the red blush surface on the fruit skin. The growth of trees was also strongly influenced by biotic and abiotic stress factors, which did not allow for a clear assessment of N fertilization. With objectively low cropping levels and poor growth of all trees tested in the experiment, their N needs were satisfied by a dose of 50 kg ha−1. The application of the highest dose of 140 kg N ha−1 had a significant and negative impact on the red color of the fruit skin.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Living mulch sown in the second year after planting reduced growth and yield of young apple trees compared with herbicide fallow.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- living mulche1
- Outcome
- growth and yielde1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Comparator
- herbicide fallow control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard”
e1“The study indicated the dominance of living mulch, especially sowing in the second year after tree planting as a factor influencing the reduction in growth and yield but improving the red blush surface on the fruit skin”
e2“It was compared to herbicide fallow control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Living mulch sown in the second year after planting improved red blush surface on apple fruit skin compared with herbicide fallow.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- living mulche1
- Outcome
- red blush surface on the fruit skine1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Comparator
- herbicide fallow control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard”
e1“The study indicated the dominance of living mulch, especially sowing in the second year after tree planting as a factor influencing the reduction in growth and yield but improving the red blush surface on the fruit skin”
e2“It was compared to herbicide fallow control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nitrogen dose of 140 kg N ha−1 significantly reduced red colour of apple fruit skin.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- the highest dose of 140 kg N ha−1e3
- Outcome
- red color of the fruit skine3
- Direction
- negative impacte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard”
e3“The application of the highest dose of 140 kg N ha−1 had a significant and negative impact on the red color of the fruit skin”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen needs of the young apple trees were satisfied by 50 kg ha−1.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- a dose of 50 kg ha−1e4
- Outcome
- N needse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard”
e4“With objectively low cropping levels and poor growth of all trees tested in the experiment, their N needs were satisfied by a dose of 50 kg ha−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Tree growth was strongly influenced by biotic and abiotic stress factors, which limited the assessment of nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- biotic and abiotic stress factorse5
- Outcome
- growth of treese5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard”
e5“The growth of trees was also strongly influenced by biotic and abiotic stress factors, which did not allow for a clear assessment of N fertilization”
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- negative
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See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.