Abstract
Downy mildew disease (Maize downy mildew) caused by Peronosclerospora spp. is a major disease in corn that can significantly reduce corn production. An environmentally friendly alternative method to control this disease is the use of botanical fungicides. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of botanical fungicides derived from betel leaf extract (Piper betle), Javanese chili leaf extract (Piper retrofractum), and neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica) in controlling downy mildew disease in BISI-18 corn variety. The research was conducted from January to June 2024. The experimental plots measured 2 x 1.25 m (2.5 m²). Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) on a 12 x 9 m plot, consisting of five treatments and six replications (groups). Natural inoculation of the downy mildew pathogen was carried out by placing one symptomatic plant in each experimental plot. Observed variables included incubation period, disease incidence and severity, AUDPC (Area Under Disease Progress Curve), phytochemical analysis, and yield. The results showed that the botanical fungicide from betel leaf extract was the most effective in reducing the intensity of downy mildew, while both betel leaf extract and neem leaf extract were moderately effective in suppressing the AUDPC of the disease. However, all botanical fungicide treatments were ineffective in increasing secondary metabolite content and yield of the BISI-18 corn variety.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
The betel leaf botanical fungicide was the most effective of the botanical fungicides in reducing downy mildew intensity in BISI-18 corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse2 - Material
- BISI-18e2
- Treatment
- botanical fungicide from betel leaf extracte1
- Interactor
- Peronosclerospora spp.
Peronosclerosporae0pathogen - Outcome
- intensity of downy mildewe1
- Direction
- most effective in reducinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downy mildew disease (Maize downy mildew) caused by Peronosclerospora spp.”
e1“the botanical fungicide from betel leaf extract was the most effective in reducing the intensity of downy mildew”
e2“controlling downy mildew disease in BISI-18 corn variety”
Claim · model-written summary
Betel leaf extract botanical fungicide moderately suppressed the AUDPC of downy mildew in BISI-18 corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Material
- BISI-18e2
- Treatment
- betel leaf extracte3
- Interactor
- Peronosclerospora spp.Peronosclerosporae0pathogen
- Outcome
- the AUDPC of the diseasee3
- Direction
- moderately effective in suppressinge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downy mildew disease (Maize downy mildew) caused by Peronosclerospora spp.”
e2“controlling downy mildew disease in BISI-18 corn variety”
e3“both betel leaf extract and neem leaf extract were moderately effective in suppressing the AUDPC of the disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem leaf extract botanical fungicide moderately suppressed the AUDPC of downy mildew in BISI-18 corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Material
- BISI-18e2
- Treatment
- neem leaf extracte3
- Interactor
- Peronosclerospora spp.Peronosclerosporae0pathogen
- Outcome
- the AUDPC of the diseasee3
- Direction
- moderately effective in suppressinge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downy mildew disease (Maize downy mildew) caused by Peronosclerospora spp.”
e2“controlling downy mildew disease in BISI-18 corn variety”
e3“both betel leaf extract and neem leaf extract were moderately effective in suppressing the AUDPC of the disease”
Claim · model-written summary
All botanical fungicide treatments were ineffective in increasing secondary metabolite content and yield of BISI-18 corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse4
- Material
- BISI-18e4
- Treatment
- all botanical fungicide treatmentse4
- Outcome
- secondary metabolite content and yielde4
- Direction
- ineffective in increasinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“all botanical fungicide treatments were ineffective in increasing secondary metabolite content and yield of the BISI-18 corn variety”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · quality: phytochemicals · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
botanical · quality: phytochemicals · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →fungicide · Peronosclerospora · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.