Abstract
SUMMARY Melatonin is a pivotal bioactive molecule that enhances plant cold stress tolerance, but the precise mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we have discovered that overexpressing melatonin biosynthetic gene ClCOMT1 or applying exogenous melatonin activates the C‐repeat binding factor (CBF)‐responsive pathway and enhances watermelon cold tolerance. This enhancement is accompanied by elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), along with upregulation of nitrate reductase 1 ( ClNR1 ) and L‐cysteine desulfhydrase ( ClLCD ) genes involved in NO and H 2 S generation respectively. Conversely, knockout of ClCOMT1 exhibits contrasting effects compared to its overexpression. Furthermore, application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) and NaHS (a H 2 S donor) promotes the accumulation of H 2 S and NO, respectively, activating the CBF pathway and enhancing cold tolerance. However, knockout of ClNR1 or ClLCD abolished melatonin‐induced H 2 S or NO production respectively and abrogated melatonin‐induced CBF pathway and cold tolerance. Conversely, supplementation with SNP and NaHS restored the diminished cold response caused by ClCOMT1 deletion. Additionally, deletion of either ClNR1 or ClLCD eliminated NaHS‐ or SNP‐induced cold response, respectively. Overall, these findings suggest a reciprocal positive‐regulatory loop between ClNR1 ‐mediated NO and ClLCD ‐mediated H 2 S, which plays a crucial role in mediating the melatonin‐induced enhancement of cold tolerance.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
ClCOMT1 overexpression activated the CBF-responsive pathway and enhanced cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Treatment
- overexpressing melatonin biosynthetic gene ClCOMT1e0
- Gene
- ClCOMT1e0
- Outcome
- CBF)‐responsive pathway and enhances watermelon cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“overexpressing melatonin biosynthetic gene ClCOMT1 or applying exogenous melatonin activates the C‐repeat binding factor (CBF)‐responsive pathway and enhances watermelon cold tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin activated the CBF-responsive pathway and enhanced cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- applying exogenous melatonine0
- Outcome
- CBF)‐responsive pathway and enhances watermelon cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“applying exogenous melatonin activates the C‐repeat binding factor (CBF)‐responsive pathway and enhances watermelon cold tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin-associated cold tolerance was accompanied by elevated NO and H2S levels.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S)e0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- This enhancemente0
Not reportedOrgan / stageTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“This enhancement is accompanied by elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S)”
Claim · model-written summary
ClNR1 and ClLCD genes were upregulated with the enhancement.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- ClNR1e0
- Outcome
- upregulation of nitrate reductase 1 ( ClNR1 ) and L‐cysteine desulfhydrase ( ClLCD ) genese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“upregulation of nitrate reductase 1 ( ClNR1 ) and L‐cysteine desulfhydrase ( ClLCD ) genes involved in NO and H 2 S generation respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
ClCOMT1 knockout had effects opposite to its overexpression.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- knockout of ClCOMT1e0
- Gene
- ClCOMT1e0
- Outcome
- contrasting effectse0
- Comparator
- its overexpressione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“knockout of ClCOMT1 exhibits contrasting effects compared to its overexpression”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP promoted H2S accumulation, activated CBF signaling, and enhanced cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor)e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of H 2 Se0
- Direction
- promotese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) and NaHS (a H 2 S donor) promotes the accumulation of H 2 S and NO, respectively, activating the CBF pathway and enhancing cold tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS promoted NO accumulation, activated CBF signaling, and enhanced cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- NaHS (a H 2 S donor)e0
- Outcome
- NOe0
- Direction
- promotese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) and NaHS (a H 2 S donor) promotes the accumulation of H 2 S and NO, respectively, activating the CBF pathway and enhancing cold tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
ClNR1 knockout abolished melatonin-induced H2S production and cold response.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- knockout of ClNR1e0
- Gene
- ClNR1e0
- Outcome
- melatonin‐induced H 2 Se0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“knockout of ClNR1 or ClLCD abolished melatonin‐induced H 2 S or NO production respectively and abrogated melatonin‐induced CBF pathway and cold tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
ClLCD knockout abolished melatonin-induced NO production and cold response.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- ClLCDe0
- Gene
- ClLCDe0
- Outcome
- NO productione0
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“knockout of ClNR1 or ClLCD abolished melatonin‐induced H 2 S or NO production respectively and abrogated melatonin‐induced CBF pathway and cold tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP restored the diminished cold response caused by ClCOMT1 deletion.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- supplementation with SNPe0
- Outcome
- diminished cold responsee0
- Direction
- restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“supplementation with SNP and NaHS restored the diminished cold response caused by ClCOMT1 deletion”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS restored the diminished cold response caused by ClCOMT1 deletion.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Outcome
- diminished cold responsee0
- Direction
- restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“supplementation with SNP and NaHS restored the diminished cold response caused by ClCOMT1 deletion”
Claim · model-written summary
ClNR1 deletion eliminated the NaHS-induced cold response.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- deletion of either ClNR1e0
- Gene
- ClNR1e0
- Outcome
- NaHS‐ or SNP‐induced cold responsee0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“deletion of either ClNR1 or ClLCD eliminated NaHS‐ or SNP‐induced cold response, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
ClLCD deletion eliminated the SNP-induced cold response.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- ClLCDe0
- Gene
- ClLCDe0
- Outcome
- NaHS‐ or SNP‐induced cold responsee0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“deletion of either ClNR1 or ClLCD eliminated NaHS‐ or SNP‐induced cold response, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer a positive regulatory loop between ClNR1-mediated NO and ClLCD-mediated H2S in melatonin-induced cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Gene
- ClNR1e0
- Outcome
- melatonin‐induced enhancement of cold tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- reciprocal positive‐regulatory loope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“watermelon”
e0“a reciprocal positive‐regulatory loop between ClNR1 ‐mediated NO and ClLCD ‐mediated H 2 S, which plays a crucial role in mediating the melatonin‐induced enhancement of cold tolerance”
The same questions in other papers
melatonin · tolerance: abiotic · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.