Abstract
Abstract Tropical signalgrass (TSG [ Urochloa distachya (L.) T.Q. Nguyen]) is difficult to control in Florida turfgrass due to limited herbicide options, perennial life cycle, aggressive growth, and ability to reestablish from stolons and seeds. Field studies in central Florida were conducted in 2022 and 2023–2024 to identify effective herbicide combinations for controlling severe (i.e., ≥50% cover) TSG infestations in a hybrid bermudagrass [BGR Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy] athletic field. Application timing (spring/summer [S/S Seq.] vs. fall/winter [F/W Seq.]) and turfgrass recovery were also assessed. Herbicide treatments (topramezone [TPZ; 12 or 18 g ha −1 ], quinclorac [QNC; 841 g ha −1 ], amicarbazone [AMC; 175 or 254 g ha −1 ], imazapic [IMC; 70 g ha −1 ], glyphosate [GLY; 140 or 280 g ha −1 ], glufosinate [GLU; 553 or 840 g ha −1 ], pinoxaden [PNX; 154 g ha −1 ], thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron [TFH; 355 + 710 + 1105 g ha −1 ]) were applied alone or combined every 2 weeks for a total of two applications, starting from August 3, 2022 (Study 1) and May 18, 2023, or October 11, 2023 (Study 2; PNX, IMC, and GLU only). In Study 1, only PNX and GLU‐based treatments effectively controlled TSG. Study 2 showed similar results, with IMC plus a low rate of GLU providing similar control to the higher rate of GLU alone. TSG removal was faster in the S/S Seq., but only the F/W Seq. consistently prevented reestablishment. GLU‐based treatments caused rapid, severe BGR injury, though complete regeneration followed within 6–8 weeks after initial treatment (WAIT). Recovery was slower with F/W Seq. in Study 2 compared to Study 1.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Pinoxaden treatments effectively controlled tropical signalgrass in bermudagrass.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrass
Cynodon dactylont0 - Treatment
- pinoxaden [PNX; 154 g ha −1 ]e1
- Interactor
- Tropical signalgrasst0weed
- Outcome
- controlled TSGe0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Study 1, only PNX and GLU‐based treatments effectively controlled TSG”
e1“pinoxaden [PNX; 154 g ha −1 ]”
t0“Tropical signalgrass control in hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate treatments effectively controlled tropical signalgrass in bermudagrass.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- glufosinate [GLU; 553 or 840 g ha −1 ]e1
- Interactor
- Tropical signalgrasst0weed
- Outcome
- controlled TSGe0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Study 1, only PNX and GLU‐based treatments effectively controlled TSG”
e1“glufosinate [GLU; 553 or 840 g ha −1 ]”
t0“Tropical signalgrass control in hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazapic plus low rate glufosinate gave similar control to high rate glufosinate alone.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- IMC plus a low rate of GLUe0
- Interactor
- Tropical signalgrasst0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- the higher rate of GLU alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IMC plus a low rate of GLU providing similar control to the higher rate of GLU alone”
t0“Tropical signalgrass control in hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Tropical signalgrass removal was faster with the spring and summer sequence.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- spring/summer [S/S Seq.]e1
- Interactor
- Tropical signalgrasst0weed
- Outcome
- TSG removale0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Comparator
- fall/winter [F/W Seq.]e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TSG removal was faster in the S/S Seq.”
e1“spring/summer [S/S Seq.] vs. fall/winter [F/W Seq.]”
t0“Tropical signalgrass control in hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the fall and winter sequence consistently prevented tropical signalgrass reestablishment.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- fall/winter [F/W Seq.]e1
- Interactor
- Tropical signalgrasst0weed
- Outcome
- reestablishmente0
- Direction
- preventede0
- Comparator
- spring/summer [S/S Seq.]e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only the F/W Seq. consistently prevented reestablishment”
e1“spring/summer [S/S Seq.] vs. fall/winter [F/W Seq.]”
t0“Tropical signalgrass control in hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate treatments caused rapid severe bermudagrass injury.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- glufosinate [GLU; 553 or 840 g ha −1 ]e1
- Outcome
- BGR injurye0
- Direction
- severee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GLU‐based treatments caused rapid, severe BGR injury”
e1“glufosinate [GLU; 553 or 840 g ha −1 ]”
t0“hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Bermudagrass completely regenerated within 6–8 weeks after glufosinate treatment.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Treatment
- GLU‐based treatmentse1
- Outcome
- complete regeneratione0
- Value
- 6–8 weekse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“complete regeneration followed within 6–8 weeks after initial treatment (WAIT)”
e1“GLU‐based treatments caused rapid, severe BGR injury”
t0“hybrid bermudagrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Bermudagrass recovery with the fall and winter sequence was slower in Study 2 than Study 1.
- Taxon
- hybrid bermudagrassCynodon dactylont0
- Outcome
- Recoverye0
- Direction
- slowere0
- Qualifier
- Study 2e0
- Comparator
- Study 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recovery was slower with F/W Seq. in Study 2 compared to Study 1”
t0“hybrid bermudagrass”
The same questions in other papers
glufosinate · control · Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.