Abstract
A worldwide indication of the amount of water used in the manufacturing cycle of commodities is called the “Water Footprint.” The entire amount of freshwater used or contaminated throughout a commodity’s manufacturing is known as its “water footprint.” Water consumption mostly refers to the amount of water that plants need during the growth season (green and blue water), whereas water pollution (gray water) is primarily caused by fertilizer seeping from the field. To investigate the effects of varying irrigation and nitrogen dosage levels on vegetative growth characteristics, yield parameters, and chemical contents, an experiment was conducted on garlic plants during the two winter seasons of 2020–2021 and 2021–2022, at the Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC) research site, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. To investigate the effects of varying irrigation levels and nitrogen doses on vegetative growth characteristics, yield parameters, and chemical contents of garlic. The nitrous oxide (N2O) and water footprint (WFP) emissions were estimated using the collected data. Two elements make up the treatments: three main plots with irrigation levels of 80, 100, and 120% of the required water, and three subplots with nitrogen levels of 60, 80, and 100 kg doses, each three duplicated in a split-plot design. The findings demonstrated that under irrigation, the highest vegetative growth parameters, yield parameters, and chemical composition of leaves were observed. The results demonstrated that, at an irrigation level of 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dose for the garlic plant, the highest vegetative growth characteristics, yield parameters, and chemical contents of leaves were recorded. The relationship between nitrogen doses and irrigation levels reveals that, when combined, 120% irrigation levels and 100 kg of nitrogen dose produced high yield parameters, vegetative growth characteristics, and chemical content in the leaves; this was followed by 100% irrigation levels and 100 kg of nitrogen dose with notable differences between the two. In all measurements, the combination of 80% irrigation levels and a 60kg nitrogen injection yielded the lowest value. Under 120% irrigation and 60 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, the water footprint for the output of fresh and cured garlic was higher, measuring 628 m3/ton and 959 m3/ton, respectively. The maximum emission of N2O with 100 kg of nitrogen and an irrigation level of 80%, the highest N2O emission value for cured garlic yield, was reported at 0.283 kg N2O per ton of cured garlic output, or 84.5 kg CO2/ton. With 100 kg of nitrogen and an irrigation level of 80%, the greatest N2O emission value for fresh garlic output was reported at 0.190 kg N2O per ton, or 56.7 kg CO2/ton.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
At 120% irrigation and 100 kg nitrogen, garlic vegetative growth was highest.
- Taxon
- garlic
Allium sativume0 - Treatment
- 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dosee0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth characteristicse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“GARLIC”
e0“at an irrigation level of 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dose for the garlic plant, the highest vegetative growth characteristics, yield parameters, and chemical contents of leaves were recorded.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 120% irrigation and 100 kg nitrogen, garlic yield parameters were highest.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dosee0
- Outcome
- yield parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at an irrigation level of 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dose for the garlic plant, the highest vegetative growth characteristics, yield parameters, and chemical contents of leaves were recorded.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 120% irrigation and 100 kg nitrogen, garlic leaf chemical contents were highest.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dosee0
- Outcome
- chemical contents of leavese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at an irrigation level of 120% of the water requirements and 100 kg of nitrogen dose for the garlic plant, the highest vegetative growth characteristics, yield parameters, and chemical contents of leaves were recorded.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 120% irrigation and 100 kg nitrogen combination exceeded the 100% and 100 kg combination for measured growth, yield and leaf content.
- Taxon
- GARLICAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 120% irrigation levels and 100 kg of nitrogen dosee0
- Outcome
- yield parameters, vegetative growth characteristics, and chemical content in the leavese0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- 100% irrigation levels and 100 kg of nitrogen dosee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“120% irrigation levels and 100 kg of nitrogen dose produced high yield parameters, vegetative growth characteristics, and chemical content in the leaves; this was followed by 100% irrigation levels and 100 kg of nitrogen dose with notable differences between the two.”
t0“GARLIC”
Claim · model-written summary
The 80% irrigation and 60 kg nitrogen combination gave the lowest measurements.
- Taxon
- GARLICAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- 80% irrigation levels and a 60kg nitrogen injectione0
- Outcome
- all measurementse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all measurements, the combination of 80% irrigation levels and a 60kg nitrogen injection yielded the lowest value.”
t0“GARLIC”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh garlic water footprint reached 628 m3/ton under 120% irrigation and 60 kg nitrogen.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- 120% irrigation and 60 kg of nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- water footprint for the output of freshe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 628 m3/tone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 120% irrigation and 60 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, the water footprint for the output of fresh and cured garlic was higher, measuring 628 m3/ton and 959 m3/ton, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cured garlic water footprint reached 959 m3/ton under 120% irrigation and 60 kg nitrogen.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- 120% irrigation and 60 kg of nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- water footprint for the output of fresh and cured garlice0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 959 m3/tone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 120% irrigation and 60 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, the water footprint for the output of fresh and cured garlic was higher, measuring 628 m3/ton and 959 m3/ton, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cured garlic output had maximum N2O emissions of 0.283 kg N2O per ton under 100 kg nitrogen and 80% irrigation.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- 100 kg of nitrogen and an irrigation level of 80%e0
- Outcome
- N2O emission value for cured garlic yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.283 kg N2O per tone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum emission of N2O with 100 kg of nitrogen and an irrigation level of 80%, the highest N2O emission value for cured garlic yield, was reported at 0.283 kg N2O per ton of cured garlic output, or 84.5 kg CO2/ton.”
Claim · model-written summary
The cured garlic N2O emission was equivalent to 84.5 kg CO2/ton.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Outcome
- cured garlic outpute0
- Value
- 84.5 kg CO2/tone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.283 kg N2O per ton of cured garlic output, or 84.5 kg CO2/ton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh garlic output had maximum N2O emissions of 0.190 kg N2O per ton under 100 kg nitrogen and 80% irrigation.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- 100 kg of nitrogen and an irrigation level of 80%e0
- Outcome
- N2O emission value for fresh garlic outpute0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Value
- 0.190 kg N2O per tone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With 100 kg of nitrogen and an irrigation level of 80%, the greatest N2O emission value for fresh garlic output was reported at 0.190 kg N2O per ton, or 56.7 kg CO2/ton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh garlic N2O emission was equivalent to 56.7 kg CO2/ton.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Outcome
- fresh garlic outpute0
- Value
- 56.7 kg CO2/tone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fresh garlic output was reported at 0.190 kg N2O per ton, or 56.7 kg CO2/ton.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Allium sativum (garlic)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 155 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
162 papers more in this group
See all 166 papers →nitrogen · growth · Allium sativum (garlic)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →irrigation · yield · Allium sativum (garlic)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →nitrogen · yield · Allium sativum (garlic)Positive and negative results
50 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
51 papers more in this group
See all 55 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.