Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an important antioxidant for human health. The concept of "oil-vegetable-duel-purpose" can significantly enhance the economic benefits of the rapeseed industry. Rapeseed, when utilized as a vegetable, serves as a valuable food source of AsA. In this study, we integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses, along with substrate feeding, to identify the L-galactose pathway as the primary source for AsA production, which is primarily regulated by light. Through seven different photoperiod treatments from 12 h/12 h (light/dark) to 24 h/0 h, we found that AsA content increased with longer photoperiods, as well as chlorophyll, carotenoids, and soluble sugars. However, an excessively long photoperiod led to photooxidative stress, which negatively affected biomass accumulation in rapeseed seedlings and subsequently impacted the total accumulation of AsA. Furthermore, different enzymes respond differently to different photoperiods. Analysis of the correlation between the expression levels of AsA biosynthesis-related genes and AsA content highlighted a dynamic balancing mechanism of AsA metabolism in response to different photoperiods. The study revealed that the 16 h/8 h photoperiod is optimal for long-term AsA accumulation in rapeseed seedlings. However, extending the photoperiod before harvest can enhance AsA content without compromising yield. These findings offer novel insights into an effective strategy for the biofortification of AsA in rapeseed.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The L-galactose pathway was identified as the primary source of AsA production and is primarily regulated by light.
Verbatim
e0“the L-galactose pathway as the primary source for AsA production, which is primarily regulated by light”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA content increased with longer photoperiods.
Verbatim
e0“AsA content increased with longer photoperiods”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll, carotenoids and soluble sugars increased with longer photoperiods.
Verbatim
e0“AsA content increased with longer photoperiods, as well as chlorophyll, carotenoids, and soluble sugars”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
An excessively long photoperiod caused photooxidative stress.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“an excessively long photoperiod led to photooxidative stress”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
An excessively long photoperiod negatively affected seedling biomass accumulation.
- Taxon
- rapeseed seedlingse0
- Treatment
- an excessively long photoperiode0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“an excessively long photoperiod led to photooxidative stress, which negatively affected biomass accumulation in rapeseed seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
An excessively long photoperiod impacted total AsA accumulation.
- Taxon
- rapeseed seedlingse0
- Treatment
- an excessively long photoperiode0
- Outcome
- total accumulation of AsAe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“an excessively long photoperiod led to photooxidative stress, which negatively affected biomass accumulation in rapeseed seedlings and subsequently impacted the total accumulation of AsA”
Claim · model-written summary
Different enzymes responded differently to different photoperiods.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“different enzymes respond differently to different photoperiods”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of AsA biosynthesis genes correlated with AsA content, suggesting dynamic metabolic balancing across photoperiods.
- Taxon
- Rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- different photoperiodse0
- Gene
- AsA biosynthesis-related genese0
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“correlation between the expression levels of AsA biosynthesis-related genes and AsA content highlighted a dynamic balancing mechanism of AsA metabolism in response to different photoperiods”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
A 16 h/8 h photoperiod was optimal for long-term AsA accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“the 16 h/8 h photoperiod is optimal for long-term AsA accumulation in rapeseed seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Extending photoperiod before harvest enhanced AsA content without compromising yield.
- Taxon
- Rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- extending the photoperiod before harveste0
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“extending the photoperiod before harvest can enhance AsA content without compromising yield”
t0“Rapeseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Extending photoperiod before harvest did not compromise yield.
- Taxon
- Rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- extending the photoperiod before harveste0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- without compromisinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“extending the photoperiod before harvest can enhance AsA content without compromising yield”
t0“Rapeseed”
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