Abstract
Summary Table grapes are mostly marketed as whole clusters, but there is increasing interest in destemmed berries, which are “ready-to-eat” as-is, and which can be incorporated into minimally processed products, such as salads. However, destemming may create unsightly stem-end wounds on grapes that are prone to rot and difficult to sanitize. Preharvest application of jasmonic acid (JA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), alone or in combination, activates the fruit-pedicel abscission zone (A) of some grape varieties, thereby reducing fruit detachment force (FDF), and mechanical damage associated with destemming. However, the A develops within a few days after treatment such that picking and destemming 2 days after treatment (DAT) may be too soon, with little benefit afforded by abscission agents, whereas picking a day later may be too late, due to unacceptable yield loss from preharvest abscission. We hypothesized that the A may continue to develop in postharvest storage. If so, then growers could apply abscission agents preharvest, harvest intact clusters of grapes before substantial abscission has occurred, and allow the abscission zones to develop in storage before destemming. To test this hypothesis, a study was conducted with ‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes to determine how abscission agents (JA, ACC, and JA + ACC), preharvest interval (PHI), and postharvest storage time affected berry abscission, FDF, proportion of berries with dry stem scars, berry weight, firmness, soluble solids, and color. No treatments caused preharvest abscission with a 2-day PHI, but effects on FDF, and dry stem scars were reduced compared to a 3-day PHI. Efficacy of JA was improved by co-application with ACC, which hastened abscission induced by JA. Without JA, ACC was ineffective. If fruit were destemmed at harvest, then JA + ACC with a 2-day PHI was the best approach. If the fruit could be destemmed after two or three weeks of postharvest storage, then JA alone was sufficient, harvested with a 2- or 3-day PHI.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
No treatment caused preharvest abscission with a 2-day PHI.
- Taxon
- table grapest0
- Material
- ‘Sheegene-12’t0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- preharvest abscissione0
- Qualifier
- 2-day PHIe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“No treatments caused preharvest abscission with a 2-day PHI”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
At two days after treatment, effects on fruit detachment force were reduced relative to three days.
Verbatim
e0“effects on FDF, and dry stem scars were reduced compared to a 3-day PHI”
e1“No treatments caused preharvest abscission with a 2-day PHI”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
At two days after treatment, effects on dry stem scars were reduced relative to three days.
Verbatim
e0“effects on FDF, and dry stem scars were reduced compared to a 3-day PHI”
e1“No treatments caused preharvest abscission with a 2-day PHI”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC co-application improved JA efficacy and hastened JA-induced abscission.
Verbatim
e0“Efficacy of JA was improved by co-application with ACC, which hastened abscission induced by JA”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC alone was ineffective without JA.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Without JA, ACC was ineffective”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
For destemming at harvest, JA plus ACC with a two-day PHI was recommended as best.
Verbatim
e0“If fruit were destemmed at harvest, then JA + ACC with a 2-day PHI was the best approach”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
For destemming after two or three weeks of storage, JA alone with a two- or three-day PHI was sufficient.
Verbatim
e0“If the fruit could be destemmed after two or three weeks of postharvest storage, then JA alone was sufficient, harvested with a 2- or 3-day PHI”
t0“‘Sheegene-12’ table grapes”
The same questions in other papers
1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid · yield · VitisPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.