Abstract
To determine the extent of growth response and yield of apricot trees cv. Zaghinia to foliar spraying with gibberellic acid at 0, 25, 50, and 75 mg L-1 and boron trioxide nanoparticles at 0, 10, and 20 mg L-1. A field trial was executed in a private orchard, in the governorate of Anbar, Iraq, during the growing season of 2023, in which trees were sprayed a week after full bloom, followed by two sprays at a three-week interval. A factorial experiment (4 x 3) on 36 trees, 7 years old was performed using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). With three replications and one tree for the experimental unit. Among all the treatments applied, (GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%), fruit yield (14.43 kg tree-1), fruit weight (25.59 g), fruit volume (32.84 cm3), total soluble solids (15.12%) and carotene content (0.270 mg 100 g-1). While the treatment (GA3 at 25 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) gave the highest shoot diameter (5.06 mm), and lowest acidity (0.81%). On the other hand, the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 75 mg L-1 plus nano-boron at 20 mg L-1 gave the highest annual shoot length, 46.51 cm.
- Taxon
- apricot trees
Prunus armeniacae1 - Material
- Zaghiniae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- annual shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 46.51 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest chlorophyll content, 41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weighte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest fruit set, 53.86%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 53.86%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest fruit retention, 41.69%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit retentione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 41.69%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest fruit yield, 14.43 kg tree-1.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 14.43 kg tree-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%), fruit yield (14.43 kg tree-1)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest fruit weight, 25.59 g.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 25.59 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%), fruit yield (14.43 kg tree-1), fruit weight (25.59 g)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest fruit volume, 32.84 cm3.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit volumee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 32.84 cm3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%), fruit yield (14.43 kg tree-1), fruit weight (25.59 g), fruit volume (32.84 cm3)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest total soluble solids, 15.12%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 15.12%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%), fruit yield (14.43 kg tree-1), fruit weight (25.59 g), fruit volume (32.84 cm3), total soluble solids (15.12%)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave the highest carotene content, 0.270 mg 100 g-1.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- carotene contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.270 mg 100 g-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 75 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) treatment performed the highest annual shoot length (46.51 cm), chlorophyll content (41.04 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), fruit set (53.86%), fruit retention (41.69%), fruit yield (14.43 kg tree-1), fruit weight (25.59 g), fruit volume (32.84 cm3), total soluble solids (15.12%) and carotene content (0.270 mg 100 g-1)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 25 mg L-1 plus nano-boron at 20 mg L-1 gave the highest shoot diameter, 5.06 mm.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 25 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- shoot diametere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.06 mme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 25 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) gave the highest shoot diameter (5.06 mm)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 25 mg L-1 plus nano-boron at 20 mg L-1 gave the lowest acidity, 0.81%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- GA3 at 25 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- aciditye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.81%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(GA3 at 25 mg L-1 + Nano-boron at 20 mg L-1) gave the highest shoot diameter (5.06 mm), and lowest acidity (0.81%)”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
The control had the lowest annual shoot length, 26.61 cm, and diameter, 4.91 mm.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- length and diameter of annual shootse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 26.61 cm, 4.91 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control chlorophyll content was lowest at 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control fruit set was lowest at 39.27%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 39.27%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control fruit retention was lowest at 30.19%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- retentione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 30.19%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control total yield was lowest at 8.56 kg tree-1.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 8.56 kg tree-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control fruit weight was lowest at 17.92 g.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 17.92 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control fruit volume was lowest at 25.81 cm3.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- volumee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 25.81 cm3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control TSS was lowest at 13.53%.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 13.53%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
Claim · model-written summary
Control carotene content was lowest at 0.106 mg 100 g-1.
- Taxon
- apricot treesPrunus armeniacae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- carotene contente0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.106 mg 100 g-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the control treatment recorded the lowest values, amounting to (26.61 cm, 4.91 mm, 34.11 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight, 39.27%, 30.19%, 8.56 kg tree-1, 17.92 g, 25.81 cm3, 13.53%, and 0.106 mg 100 g-1) for the traits length and diameter of annual shoots, chlorophyll content, fruit set and retention, total yield, fruit weight and volume, TSS, and carotene content respectively”
e1“apricot trees cv. Zaghinia”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · yield · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Gibberellic acid · growth · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Gibberellic acid · quality: phytochemicals · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Gibberellic acid · quality: sugar starch · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Gibberellic acid · physiology: pigments · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
nanoparticle · quality: phytochemicals · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · quality: sugar starch · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
nanoparticle · yield · Prunus armeniaca (apricot)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.