Abstract
Precision sustainable agronomic practices are crucial for achieving global food security as well as mitigating climate change. A field experiment was conducted at the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences in Gödöllő from 2023 to 2024. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of soil tillage and foliar nutrient supplementation on winter barley yield, associated characteristics, and soil CO2 emissions. Employing a split-plot design with three replications, the experiment included four nutrient treatments (control, bio-cereal, bio-algae, and MgSMnZn blend) and two soil tillage type (i.e., plowing and cultivator). The study found that soil CO2 emissions were influenced by the crop growth stage across both tillage treatments throughout the growing seasons, but the tillage system itself did not have an effect. Similarly, the leaf chlorophyll content was not affected by tillage and nutrient treatments. Plant height, the leaf area index (LAI), and thousand kernel weights (TKW) were significantly affected by nutrient treatments across the growing seasons. Both nutrient and tillage treatments also had a notable effect on the number of productive tillers in winter barley. Moreover, nutrient and tillage treatments consistently influenced grain yield across the two growing seasons, and their interaction significantly impacted both grain yield and thousand kernel weights. The bio-cereal nutrient treatment combined with plowing tillage yielded the highest values for most parameters throughout the growing seasons. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combination of bio-cereal nutrient treatments and plowing tillage can boost winter barley yields. Notably, soil CO2 emissions peak during the crops’ reproductive stage, surpassing levels from early growth.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Soil CO2 emissions were influenced by crop growth stage across both tillage treatments.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Organ / stage
- crop growth stagee0
- Outcome
- soil CO2 emissionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“soil CO2 emissions were influenced by the crop growth stage across both tillage treatments throughout the growing seasons, but the tillage system itself did not have an effect”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage system itself did not have an effect on soil CO2 emissions.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- soil CO2 emissionse0
- Direction
- did not have an effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil CO2 emissions were influenced by the crop growth stage across both tillage treatments throughout the growing seasons, but the tillage system itself did not have an effect”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf chlorophyll content was not affected by tillage.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf chlorophyll content was not affected by tillage and nutrient treatments”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf chlorophyll content was not affected by nutrient treatments.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nutrient treatmentse0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf chlorophyll content was not affected by tillage and nutrient treatments”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height, leaf area index and thousand kernel weights were significantly affected by nutrient treatments across the growing seasons.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nutrient treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Plant height, the leaf area index (LAI), and thousand kernel weights (TKW)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, the leaf area index (LAI), and thousand kernel weights (TKW) were significantly affected by nutrient treatments”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient treatments had a notable effect on the number of productive tillers.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nutriente0
- Outcome
- number of productive tillerse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nutrient and tillage treatments also had a notable effect on the number of productive tillers”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage treatments had a notable effect on the number of productive tillers.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- tillage treatmentse0
- Outcome
- number of productive tillerse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nutrient and tillage treatments also had a notable effect on the number of productive tillers”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient treatments consistently influenced grain yield across the two growing seasons.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nutriente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nutrient and tillage treatments consistently influenced grain yield across the two growing seasons”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage treatments consistently influenced grain yield across the two growing seasons.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- tillage treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nutrient and tillage treatments consistently influenced grain yield across the two growing seasons”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of nutrient and tillage treatments significantly impacted both grain yield and thousand kernel weights.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- their interactione0
- Outcome
- grain yield and thousand kernel weightse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their interaction significantly impacted both grain yield and thousand kernel weights”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio-cereal nutrient treatment combined with plowing tillage gave the highest values for most parameters across the growing seasons.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- bio-cereal nutrient treatment combined with plowing tillagee0
- Outcome
- highest values for most parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bio-cereal nutrient treatment combined with plowing tillage yielded the highest values for most parameters throughout the growing seasons”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil CO2 emissions peaked during the crops’ reproductive stage, surpassing levels from early growth.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgare L.Hordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Outcome
- soil CO2 emissions peake0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil CO2 emissions peak during the crops’ reproductive stage”
t0“Hordeum vulgare L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that bio-cereal nutrient treatment combined with plowing tillage can boost winter barley yields.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- boost winter barley yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of bio-cereal nutrient treatments and plowing tillage can boost winter barley yields”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · environment: emissions · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.