Abstract
Abstract Integrating cover crops (CCs) in dryland crop rotations could help in controlling herbicide-resistant weeds. Field experiments were conducted at Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays, KS, from 2020 to 2023 to determine the effect of fall-planted CCs on weed suppression in grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], crop yield, and net returns in no-till dryland winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)–grain sorghum–fallow (W-S-F) rotation. The field site had a natural seedbank of glyphosate-resistant (GR) kochia [ Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. Scott] and Palmer amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson). A CC mixture [winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus [ Secale × Triticum ])–winter peas ( Pisum sativum L.)–canola ( Brassica napus L.)–radish ( Raphanus sativus L.)] was planted after wheat harvest and terminated at triticale heading stage before sorghum planting. Treatments included nontreated control, chemical fallow, CC terminated with glyphosate (GLY), and CC terminated with GLY+ acetochlor/atrazine (ACR/ATZ). Across 3 yr, CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ reduced total weed density by 34% to 81% and total weed biomass by 45% to 73% compared with chemical fallow during the sorghum growing season. Average grain sorghum yield was 786 to 1,432 kg ha −1 and did not differ between chemical fallow and CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ. However, net returns were lower with both CC treatments (−US$275 to US$66) in all 3 yr compared with chemical fallow (−US$111 to US$120). These results suggest that fallow replacement with fall-planted CCs in the W-S-F rotation can help suppress GR B. scoparia and A. palmeri in the subsequent grain sorghum. However, the cost of integrating CCs exceeded the benefits of improved weed control, and lower net returns were recorded in all 3 yr compared with chemical fallow.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ reduced total weed density by 34% to 81% relative to chemical fallow.
- Treatment
- CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZe0
- Outcome
- total weed densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 34% to 81%e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
- Setting
- during the sorghum growing seasone0
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ reduced total weed density by 34% to 81% and total weed biomass by 45% to 73% compared with chemical fallow during the sorghum growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ reduced total weed biomass by 45% to 73% relative to chemical fallow.
- Treatment
- CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZe0
- Outcome
- total weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 45% to 73%e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ reduced total weed density by 34% to 81% and total weed biomass by 45% to 73% compared with chemical fallow during the sorghum growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain sorghum yield ranged from 786 to 1,432 kg ha −1 and did not differ between chemical fallow and the GLY+ACR/ATZ cover crop treatment.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolore0 - Treatment
- CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZe0
- Outcome
- grain sorghum yielde0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Value
- 786 to 1,432 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average grain sorghum yield was 786 to 1,432 kg ha −1 and did not differ between chemical fallow and CC terminated with GLY+ACR/ATZ”
Claim · model-written summary
Both cover crop treatments had lower net returns than chemical fallow in all three years.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- both CC treatmentse0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- −US$275 to US$66e0
- Qualifier
- −US$111 to US$120e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net returns were lower with both CC treatments (−US$275 to US$66) in all 3 yr compared with chemical fallow (−US$111 to US$120)”
t0“Effect of fall-planted cover crops on weed suppression, grain sorghum yield, and profitability in the semiarid Central Great Plains”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · yield · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.