Abstract
The growing scarcity of freshwater resources necessitates alternative irrigation options, such as agricultural drainage water. Mango seedlings, known for their sensitivity to water quality, face both risks and benefits from wastewater use. So, this study evaluated the response of mango seedlings to subjected to three irrigation treatments as main factor: Freshwater, agricultural drainage water and a 50:50 mix of both. Seedlings also received six foliar treatments: Garlic extract, seaweed extract, yeast extract, ginger extract, lemongrass extract and a control (tap water only). Sixty days after treatment initiation, vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and leaf nutrient content were measured, alongside biochemical markers (POD, PPO, APX enzymes, proline and malondialdehyde MDA) to assess oxidative stress. After 120 days, antioxidant enzyme activity, proline and MDA levels were re-evaluated to monitor adaptive responses to prolonged stress. The results demonstrated that mango seedlings irrigated with agricultural drainage water and sprayed with garlic or seaweed extract showed significant improvements in growth, photosynthetic pigments and leaf nutrient content compared to other treatments. Also, irrigation with agricultural drainage water significantly increased MDA and proline, indicating oxidative stress. Foliar application of garlic extract reduced MDA and proline, suggesting reduced cellular damage. Garlic and seaweed extracts effectively enhanced antioxidant defenses, particularly under wastewater irrigation. Enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX) were initially higher with freshwater, but after 120 days, both wastewater and mixed treatments showed increased activity, reflecting adaptation over time. In conclusion, agricultural drainage water, paired with specific natural extracts, can support mango irrigation, promoting resilience and growth.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Mango seedlings irrigated with drainage water and sprayed with garlic or seaweed extract showed significant improvements in growth, photosynthetic pigments and leaf nutrient content compared to other treatments.
- Taxon
- mango
_from_India.jpg?width=60)
Mangifera indicat1 - Treatment
- irrigated with agricultural drainage water and sprayed with garlic or seaweed extracte1
- Outcome
- growth, photosynthetic pigments and leaf nutrient contente1
- Direction
- improvementse1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t1“Mango Seedlings”
e1“mango seedlings irrigated with agricultural drainage water and sprayed with garlic or seaweed extract showed significant improvements in growth, photosynthetic pigments and leaf nutrient content compared to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation with agricultural drainage water significantly increased MDA and proline, indicating oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat1
- Treatment
- irrigation with agricultural drainage watere2
- Outcome
- MDA and prolinee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- indicating oxidative stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Mango Seedlings”
e2“irrigation with agricultural drainage water significantly increased MDA and proline, indicating oxidative stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of garlic extract reduced MDA and proline in mango seedlings.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat1
- Treatment
- Foliar application of garlic extracte3
- Outcome
- MDA and prolinee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Qualifier
- suggesting reduced cellular damagee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Mango Seedlings”
e3“Foliar application of garlic extract reduced MDA and proline, suggesting reduced cellular damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic and seaweed extracts enhanced antioxidant defenses, particularly under wastewater irrigation.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat1
- Treatment
- Garlic and seaweed extractse4
- Outcome
- antioxidant defensese4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- particularly under wastewater irrigatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Mango Seedlings”
e4“Garlic and seaweed extracts effectively enhanced antioxidant defenses, particularly under wastewater irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX) were initially higher with freshwater irrigation.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat1
- Treatment
- freshwatere5
- Outcome
- Enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX)e5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- initiallye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Mango Seedlings”
e5“Enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX) were initially higher with freshwater”
Claim · model-written summary
After 120 days, wastewater and mixed irrigation increased enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX).
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat1
- Treatment
- wastewater and mixed treatmentse6
- Outcome
- Enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX)e5
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- after 120 dayse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Mango Seedlings”
e5“Enzyme activities (POD, PPO, APX) were initially higher with freshwater”
e6“after 120 days, both wastewater and mixed treatments showed increased activity, reflecting adaptation over time”
Claim · model-written summary
Agricultural drainage water paired with specific natural extracts can support mango irrigation, promoting resilience and growth.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae7
- Treatment
- agricultural drainage water, paired with specific natural extractse7
- Outcome
- support mango irrigatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“agricultural drainage water, paired with specific natural extracts, can support mango irrigation, promoting resilience and growth”
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See all 7 papers →other · physiology: photosynthesis · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.