Paper · 2024 · Agronomy

Enhancing Productivity and Antioxidant Activities in Thai Colored Rice Cultivars ‵RD69′ and ‵Hawm Gulahb Deang′ Using Chitin-Based Material and Rice Husk

Ratchata Chokwiwatkul; Supaporn Junbuathong; Thanin Chantarachot; et al.

9
claims
17
verbatim quotes
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citations
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Rice is the major crop of Thailand. However, the rice yield is still limited, especially in local cultivars. Fermented chitin (FC) application to soil has been demonstrated to improve rice growth and yield. The application of biostimulants has been proposed to improve both the yield and quality of ‛RD69’ and ‛HGD’ rice varieties. While FC has been suggested as a potential solution, the specific effects of FC on seed quality and quantity remain insufficiently explored. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of FC and FC with rice husk (FC+RH) treatments on the grain quantity and quality of two rice cultivars, ‛RD69’ and ’Hawm Gulahb Deang’ (HGD), which are colored rice varieties with high antioxidant levels. ‛RD69’ has low apparent amylose content (AAC) and a high percentage of rapidly available glucose (RAG), while ‛HGD’ is the local Thai rice with medium AAC and low %RAG. FC and FC+RH were applied as soil supplements at concentrations of 0.01%, 0.1%, and 0.2% (w/w). The supplementation of 0.2% FC+RH resulted in the highest yield of ‛RD69’ (73%) and ‛HGD’ (30%). Although both FC and FC+RH did not significantly affect the AAC content of both cultivars, FC+RH decreased their %RAG. Interestingly, although FC+RH enhanced the antioxidant activity of the seeds of both cultivars, ‛RD69’ was more responsive to the effects of FC and FC+RH treatments than ‘HGD’, as significantly higher antioxidant levels were detected in ‛RD69’ seeds. These findings suggest that FC+RH supplementation can enhance the yield and quality of colored rice.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RD69 had low AAC and high RAG.

Material
‛RD69’e0
Outcome
low apparent amylose content (AAC) and a high percentage of rapidly available glucose (RAG)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“‛RD69’ has low apparent amylose content (AAC) and a high percentage of rapidly available glucose (RAG)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 749–851 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

HGD had medium AAC and low RAG.

Material
‛HGD’e0
Outcome
medium AAC and low %RAGe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“‛HGD’ is the local Thai rice with medium AAC and low %RAG”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 859–916 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

0.2% FC+RH yielded the highest RD69 yield, reported as 73%.

Material
‛RD69’e0
Treatment
0.2% FC+RHe0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
73%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The supplementation of 0.2% FC+RH resulted in the highest yield of ‛RD69’ (73%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1014–1093 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

0.2% FC+RH yielded the highest HGD yield, reported as 30%.

Material
‛HGD’e0
Treatment
0.2% FC+RHe0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
30%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The supplementation of 0.2% FC+RH resulted in the highest yield of ‛RD69’ (73%) and ‛HGD’ (30%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1014–1109 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

FC did not significantly affect AAC in the two cultivars.

Treatment
FCe0
Outcome
AAC contente0
Direction
did not significantly affecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“both FC and FC+RH did not significantly affect the AAC content of both cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1120–1200 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

FC+RH did not significantly affect AAC in the two cultivars.

Treatment
FC+RHe0
Outcome
AAC contente0
Direction
did not significantly affecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“both FC and FC+RH did not significantly affect the AAC content of both cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1120–1200 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

FC+RH decreased RAG in the two cultivars.

Treatment
FC+RHe0
Outcome
%RAGe0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“FC+RH decreased their %RAG”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1202–1228 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

FC+RH enhanced seed antioxidant activity in both cultivars.

Treatment
FC+RHe0
Outcome
antioxidant activity of the seedse0
Direction
enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“FC+RH enhanced the antioxidant activity of the seeds of both cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1254–1324 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

RD69 seed antioxidant levels were significantly higher than HGD under FC and FC+RH.

Material
‛RD69’e0
Treatment
FC and FC+RH treatmentse0
Outcome
antioxidant levelse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
‘HGD’e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“‛RD69’ was more responsive to the effects of FC and FC+RH treatments than ‘HGD’, as significantly higher antioxidant levels were detected in ‛RD69’ seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1326–1479 · show in text ↑
t0

“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–80 · show in text ↑

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8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.