Abstract
In the areas of irrigated agriculture of the Western Caspian Sea Region, the main tillage and water-charging irrigation for sunflower are carried out in autumn so that this crop can be sown in the spring at the optimal time when the soil has favorable hydrophysical indicators of fertility. However, at this time the sunflower crops are heavily infested with weeds, which is the main reason for low yields of the main oilseed. The purpose of our research is to study the possibility of postponing the terms of the main tillage and water-charging irrigation for sunflower from autumn to spring when planting it after alfalfa for hay. The studies have been carried out in the agricultural company «Agrofirma Chokh» in the Gunibsky district in the Kizilyurt zone of distant pastures of the Republic of Dagestan on light chestnut soil. The input of an additional amount of plant mass into the soil, the dynamics of agrophysical and agrochemical indicators of soil fertility, the yield and oil content of seeds have been studied. Sowing has been carried out with seeds of the VNIIMK-8883 variety, fertilizers have been applied at a rate of N40P24K74 during the plowing, N16P16K16 – during the sowing, and N34 for top dressing in the phase of 8–10 leaves when cutting furrows. It has been established that in the areas of irrigated agriculture in the Western Caspian Sea Region with a growing season of 140–150 days, the main tillage and pre-sowing water-charging irrigation for sunflower variety VNIIMK-8883 should be carried out in the spring when the physical ripeness of the soil in the 0–30 cm layer occurs. During this period, the total amount of above-ground green mass, crop residues and roots entering the soil, which contained 37.1 kg/ha N, 9.10 – P2O5, 21.9 – K2O, increased by 13.5 % (2.19 t/ha), total porosity by 0.3 %, the number of pores occupied by water – by 4.0 %, aeration porosity is reduced by 3.3 %. The soil structure improves: the number of soil aggregates with a size of 0.25–10.0 mm increases by 6.9 %, of which soil aggregates of optimal sizes – by 2.9 %, water-resistant – by 2.0 %, the structural coefficient increases to 1.55 at 0.95 in the control. The postponement of the main tillage period after alfalfa to spring has the advantage that for the period of autumn remaining before the onset of frost and before the onset of physical ripeness of the soil in spring, alfalfa forms 1.5 t/ha of above ground, 1.27 ha and 0.46 t/ha of root mass is more than during the autumn plowing period. And in the case of carrying out water-charging irrigation in the spring, the total amount of plant mass increases by 13.5 % (2.19 t/ha) than in the autumn terms of these works. The most valuable advantage of the spring plowing of the alfalfa layer and water-charging irrigation for sunflower is the reduction in weed infestation by almost 4 times, the increase in yield by 25.6 %, oil content by 0.66 %, oil yield from 1 hectare – by 2.7 tons.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Spring tillage and irrigation increased plant mass entering soil by 13.5% versus autumn operations.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- water-charging irrigation in the springe0
- Outcome
- total amount of plant masse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 13.5 % (2.19 t/ha)e0
- Comparator
- autumn terms of these workse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the case of carrying out water-charging irrigation in the spring, the total amount of plant mass increases by 13.5 % (2.19 t/ha) than in the autumn terms of these works”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring operations increased total soil porosity by 0.3%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- total porositye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 0.3 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total porosity by 0.3 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-filled pores increased by 4.0%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- number of pores occupied by watere0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 4.0 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of pores occupied by water – by 4.0 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Aeration porosity decreased by 3.3%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- aeration porositye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3.3 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aeration porosity is reduced by 3.3 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil aggregates of 0.25–10.0 mm increased by 6.9%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- number of soil aggregatese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 6.9 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of soil aggregates with a size of 0.25–10.0 mm increases by 6.9 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal-size soil aggregates increased by 2.9%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- soil aggregates of optimal sizese0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 2.9 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil aggregates of optimal sizes – by 2.9 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-resistant aggregates increased by 2.0%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- water-resistante0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 2.0 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water-resistant – by 2.0 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
The structural coefficient reached 1.55 versus 0.95 in control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- structural coefficiente0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 1.55e0
- Qualifier
- 0.95e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the structural coefficient increases to 1.55 at 0.95 in the control”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring postponement allowed alfalfa to form 1.5 t/ha more above-ground mass.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Outcome
- above grounde0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 1.5 t/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alfalfa forms 1.5 t/ha of above ground”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring operations reduced sunflower weed infestation almost fourfold.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- spring plowing of the alfalfa layer and water-charging irrigation for sunflowere0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- almost 4 timese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spring plowing of the alfalfa layer and water-charging irrigation for sunflower is the reduction in weed infestation by almost 4 times”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring operations increased sunflower yield by 25.6%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25.6 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in yield by 25.6 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring operations increased seed oil content by 0.66%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- oil contente0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 0.66 %e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oil content by 0.66 %”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring operations increased oil yield per hectare by 2.7 tons.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- oil yield from 1 hectaree0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 2.7 tonse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oil yield from 1 hectare – by 2.7 tons”
t0“SUNFLOWER PRODUCTIVITY”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend spring tillage and irrigation at soil physical ripeness.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Material
- VNIIMK-8883e0
- Outcome
- should be carried out in the spring when the physical ripeness of the soil in the 0–30 cm layer occurse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the main tillage and pre-sowing water-charging irrigation for sunflower variety VNIIMK-8883 should be carried out in the spring when the physical ripeness of the soil in the 0–30 cm layer occurs”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · weed · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →irrigation · weed · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.