Abstract
Fruit firmness in sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) is a critical quality parameter highly valued by consumers as it is associated with fruit freshness. In general, firm fruit also cope better with storage and handling. Gibberellic acid (GA) is commonly used by sweet cherry producers to increase firmness, soluble solids content and fruit size. This study evaluated the effects of GA on the rheological properties of sweet cherry fruit at harvest and postharvest storage. Specifically, GA’s influence on susceptibility to mechanical damage during handling was evaluated. The following GA treatments were applied to two sweet cherry cultivars ‘Bing’ and ‘Lapins’: T0, control, T30—GA at 15 ppm applied at pit-hardening and straw-colour stages; T45—GA at 25 ppm at pit-hardening and GA at 20 ppm at straw-colour; and T60—GA at 30 ppm applied at pit-hardening and straw-colour. The results indicate that GA delayed harvest by two to four days in both cultivars, with ‘Lapins’ also showing a significant increase in fruit size. Regardless of spray concentration, GA increased the modulus of elasticity and fruit resistance evaluated as stress at the maximum point at harvest. These effects persisted after 35 days of storage at 0 °C and an additional three days of shelf-life at 15 °C. While the strain or deformation capacity of the fruit at bioyield at harvest was constant across treatments, it was, however, lower in the GA-treated fruit than in the controls during storage at 0 °C under the high-humidity conditions of modified atmosphere packaging. The less mature fruit harvested at colour 3.0 (red/mahogany) were stiffer (reduced deformation) and more sensitive to induced mechanical injury than the fruit harvested later at colour 3.5 (mahogany). The GA treatments increased fruit resistance to damage without increasing tissue deformability. Other questions associated with stiffer tissues and lower deformability during storage at 0 °C under high humidity should be further studied, specifically cultivars that are naturally high in box-cracking sensitivity during storage.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
GA delayed harvest by two to four days in both sweet cherry cultivars.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cherry
Prunus aviumt0 - Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- harveste0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- two to four dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA delayed harvest by two to four days in both cultivars”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
GA increased Lapins fruit size significantly.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Material
- ‘Lapins’e0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA delayed harvest by two to four days in both cultivars, with ‘Lapins’ also showing a significant increase in fruit size.”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
GA increased fruit modulus of elasticity at harvest across spray concentrations.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- modulus of elasticitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- at harveste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of spray concentration, GA increased the modulus of elasticity and fruit resistance evaluated as stress at the maximum point at harvest.”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
GA increased fruit resistance at harvest across spray concentrations.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- fruit resistancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- at harveste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of spray concentration, GA increased the modulus of elasticity and fruit resistance evaluated as stress at the maximum point at harvest.”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The mechanical effects persisted after cold storage and shelf life.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Outcome
- effects persistede0
- Qualifier
- after 35 days of storage at 0 °C and an additional three days of shelf-life at 15 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These effects persisted after 35 days of storage at 0 °C and an additional three days of shelf-life at 15 °C.”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioyield strain at harvest was constant across GA treatments.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- strain or deformation capacity of the fruit at bioyielde0
- Direction
- constante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the strain or deformation capacity of the fruit at bioyield at harvest was constant across treatments”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
During cold modified-atmosphere storage, GA-treated fruit had lower bioyield strain than controls.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Treatment
- GA-treated fruite0
- Outcome
- strain or deformation capacitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- during storage at 0 °Ce0
- Comparator
- the controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the strain or deformation capacity of the fruit at bioyield at harvest was constant across treatments, it was, however, lower in the GA-treated fruit than in the controls during storage at 0 °C under the high-humidity conditions of modified atmosphere packaging.”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit harvested at colour 3.0 were stiffer than at colour 3.5.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Organ / stage
- colour 3.0e0
- Outcome
- stiffere0
- Direction
- stiffere0
- Comparator
- colour 3.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The less mature fruit harvested at colour 3.0 (red/mahogany) were stiffer (reduced deformation) and more sensitive to induced mechanical injury than the fruit harvested later at colour 3.5 (mahogany).”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit harvested at colour 3.0 were more sensitive to mechanical injury.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Organ / stage
- colour 3.0e0
- Outcome
- sensitive to induced mechanical injurye0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- colour 3.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The less mature fruit harvested at colour 3.0 (red/mahogany) were stiffer (reduced deformation) and more sensitive to induced mechanical injury than the fruit harvested later at colour 3.5 (mahogany).”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
GA increased resistance to damage without increasing tissue deformability.
- Taxon
- Sweet CherryPrunus aviumt0
- Treatment
- GA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fruit resistance to damagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GA treatments increased fruit resistance to damage without increasing tissue deformability.”
t0“Sweet Cherry Fruit”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · disease · Prunus avium (sweet cherry)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Gibberellic acid · yield · Prunus avium (sweet cherry)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.