Abstract
Iron tailings from the mining process occupy vast land areas and pose a significant ecological risk. In order to reuse iron tailings resources and carry out in situ ecological restoration of a mine, in this study, a medium of mixed iron tailings and mining topsoil (m:m = 3:1) was used to plant landscape grasses, including Lolium perenne L. (L. perenne), Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. (P. alopecuroides), Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. (M. officinalis), and Medicago sativa L. (M. sativa). Biochar and chicken manure were used as biochar organic fertilizers and indigenous microorganisms were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tested grasses. They were applied to enhance landscape grass growth by regulating rhizosphere microbial communities and nutrient conditions. The results showed that the biochar organic fertilizers significantly promoted the growth of the four landscape grasses, notably P. alopecuroides, increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively. Additionally, L. perenne exhibited the greatest height increase (10%) following the application of bacterial solutions. Moreover, indigenous bacterial solutions enhanced chlorophyll content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, with P. alopecuroides showing the highest chlorophyll increase of 58% and M. sativa exhibiting a 30.58% rise in PAL activity. The biochar organic fertilizer also significantly elevated soluble protein content in P. alopecuroides and M. sativa by 195% and 152%, respectively. It also effectively enhanced peroxidase (POD) activity in Poaceae grasses by 120% to 160%. After adding indigenous microorganisms, the rhizosphere soil of the landscape grass showed the highest Shannon–Wiener diversity index, reaching 3.561. The rhizosphere soil of M. officinalis had the highest microbial richness, with a value of 39. Additionally, the addition of indigenous microorganisms increased the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants by 8–19%, 6–14%, and 8–18%, respectively. This study offers a new approach for managing mining waste and ecological restoration in mining areas.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer increased P. alopecuroides plant height by 169%.
- Taxon
- P. alopecuroides
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Cenchrus purpurascense0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
e1“The results showed that the biochar organic fertilizers significantly promoted the growth of the four landscape grasses, notably P. alopecuroides, increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer increased P. alopecuroides root length by 60%.
- Taxon
- P. alopecuroidesCenchrus purpurascense0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
e1“The results showed that the biochar organic fertilizers significantly promoted the growth of the four landscape grasses, notably P. alopecuroides, increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer increased P. alopecuroides root weight by 211%.
- Taxon
- P. alopecuroidesCenchrus purpurascense0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
e1“The results showed that the biochar organic fertilizers significantly promoted the growth of the four landscape grasses, notably P. alopecuroides, increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer increased P. alopecuroides fresh leaf weight by 388%.
- Taxon
- P. alopecuroidesCenchrus purpurascense0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
e1“The results showed that the biochar organic fertilizers significantly promoted the growth of the four landscape grasses, notably P. alopecuroides, increasing plant height, root length, root weight, and leaf fresh weight by 169%, 60%, 211%, and 388%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial solutions raised L. perenne height by 10%.
- Taxon
- L. perenne
Lolium perennee0 - Treatment
- bacterial solutionse0
- Interactor
- bacteriale0symbiont
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“L. perenne exhibited the greatest height increase (10%) following the application of bacterial solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous bacterial solutions increased P. alopecuroides chlorophyll by 58%.
- Taxon
- P. alopecuroidesCenchrus purpurascense0
- Treatment
- indigenous bacterial solutionse0
- Interactor
- bacteriale0symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 58%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indigenous bacterial solutions enhanced chlorophyll content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, with P. alopecuroides showing the highest chlorophyll increase of 58%”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous bacterial solutions increased M. sativa PAL activity by 30.58%.
- Taxon
- M. sativa
Medicago sativae0e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M. sativa exhibiting a 30.58% rise in PAL activity.”
e1“indigenous bacterial solutions enhanced chlorophyll content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, with P. alopecuroides showing the highest chlorophyll increase of 58% and M. sativa exhibiting a 30.58% rise in PAL activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar fertilizer increased soluble protein in P. alopecuroides by 195%.
- Taxon
- P. alopecuroidesCenchrus purpurascense0
- Treatment
- biochar organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- soluble protein contente0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Value
- 195%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biochar organic fertilizer also significantly elevated soluble protein content in P. alopecuroides and M. sativa by 195% and 152%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar fertilizer increased soluble protein in M. sativa by 152%.
- Taxon
- M. sativaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- soluble protein contente0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Value
- 152%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biochar organic fertilizer also significantly elevated soluble protein content in P. alopecuroides and M. sativa by 195% and 152%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar fertilizer increased peroxidase activity in Poaceae grasses by 120% to 160%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“It also effectively enhanced peroxidase (POD) activity in Poaceae grasses by 120% to 160%.”
e1“The biochar organic fertilizer also significantly elevated soluble protein content in P. alopecuroides and M. sativa by 195% and 152%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous microorganisms yielded a rhizosphere Shannon–Wiener index of 3.561.
- Taxon
- landscape grasse0
- Treatment
- adding indigenous microorganismse0
- Interactor
- indigenous microorganismse0symbiont
- Outcome
- rhizosphere soil of the landscape grass showed the highest Shannon–Wiener diversity indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.561e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“After adding indigenous microorganisms, the rhizosphere soil of the landscape grass showed the highest Shannon–Wiener diversity index, reaching 3.561.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. officinalis rhizosphere had the greatest microbial richness, at 39.
- Taxon
- M. officinalis
Melilotus officinalise0 - Interactor
- microbiale0symbiont
- Outcome
- microbial richnesse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 39e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rhizosphere soil of M. officinalis had the highest microbial richness, with a value of 39.”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous microorganisms increased plant nitrogen content by 8–19%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the addition of indigenous microorganisms increased the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants by 8–19%, 6–14%, and 8–18%, respectively.”
e1“the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous microorganisms increased plant phosphorus content by 6–14%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the addition of indigenous microorganisms increased the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants by 8–19%, 6–14%, and 8–18%, respectively.”
e1“the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous microorganisms increased plant potassium content by 8–18%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the addition of indigenous microorganisms increased the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants by 8–19%, 6–14%, and 8–18%, respectively.”
e1“the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the four plants”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · physiology: osmolytes · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →fertilization · growth · Cenchrus purpurascensResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
biochar · physiology: osmolytes · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.