Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize. Treatments included conventional tillage maize (CT-M), conventional tillage maize with green manure from preceding greengram (CT-M+GM), zero tillage maize with residue retention at 3 t/ha (ZT-M+R), and zero tillage maize with Sesbania co-culture as brown manuring (ZT-M+BM), combined with five weed control treatments viz unweeded check (UWC), pre (atrazine + pendimethalin 750 g/ha, each) + 1 hand weeding (30 DAS), pre (atrazine + pendimethalin 750 g/ha, each) + post (tembotrione) 120 g/ha, pre (atrazine + pendimethalin 750 g/ha, each) + post (pre-mix of mesotrione + atrazine) 120 g/ha, weed free check in sub-plots. Results showed that ZT-M+BM caused 28.4% reduction in total weeds at 60 days after sowing compared to CT-M. Sequential application of atrazine (750 g/ha) and pendimethalin (750 g/ha) fb tembotrione (120 g/ha) effectively reduced weed population (78.5%) and dry weight (81.3%) compared to the unweeded control. Maize yield attributes were higher in ZT-M+BM than in CT treatments. The combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BM resulted in higher maize productivity (6.88 t/ha) and profitability ( 116,570/ha), comparable to the weed-free check. Thus, integrating zero tillage with Sesbania brown manure, and pre-emergence application of atrazine + pendimethalin followed by post-emergence tembotrione is recommended for effective weed control and high maize productivity of maize.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage maize with Sesbania brown manuring (ZT-M+BM) reduced total weeds by 28.4% at 60 days after sowing compared with conventional tillage maize (CT-M).
- Treatment
- ZT-M+BMe1
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- total weedse1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 28.4%e1
- Qualifier
- at 60 days after sowinge1
- Comparator
- CT-Me1
- Setting
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhie2
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“ZT-M+BM caused 28.4% reduction in total weeds at 60 days after sowing compared to CT-M”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and pendimethalin followed by tembotrione reduced weed population by 78.5% compared with the unweeded control.
- Treatment
- Sequential application of atrazine (750 g/ha) and pendimethalin (750 g/ha) fb tembotrione (120 g/ha)e1
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- weed populatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 78.5%e1
- Comparator
- unweeded controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Sequential application of atrazine (750 g/ha) and pendimethalin (750 g/ha) fb tembotrione (120 g/ha) effectively reduced weed population (78.5%) and dry weight (81.3%) compared to the unweeded control”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential atrazine and pendimethalin followed by tembotrione reduced weed dry weight by 81.3% compared with the unweeded control.
- Treatment
- Sequential application of atrazine (750 g/ha) and pendimethalin (750 g/ha) fb tembotrione (120 g/ha)e1
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 81.3%e1
- Comparator
- unweeded controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Sequential application of atrazine (750 g/ha) and pendimethalin (750 g/ha) fb tembotrione (120 g/ha) effectively reduced weed population (78.5%) and dry weight (81.3%) compared to the unweeded control”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield attributes were higher under ZT-M+BM than under conventional tillage treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Maize yield attributes were higher in ZT-M+BM than in CT treatments”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of atrazine, pendimethalin and tembotrione with ZT-M+BM gave higher maize productivity of 6.88 t/ha.
- Treatment
- combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BMe1
- Outcome
- maize productivitye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 6.88 t/hae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BM resulted in higher maize productivity (6.88 t/ha) and profitability ( 116,570/ha), comparable to the weed-free check”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of atrazine, pendimethalin and tembotrione with ZT-M+BM gave higher profitability of 116,570/ha.
- Treatment
- combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BMe1
- Outcome
- profitabilitye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 116,570/hae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BM resulted in higher maize productivity (6.88 t/ha) and profitability ( 116,570/ha), comparable to the weed-free check”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize productivity under the combined herbicide programme with ZT-M+BM was comparable to the weed-free check.
- Treatment
- combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BMe1
- Outcome
- maize productivitye1
- Direction
- comparablee1
- Comparator
- weed-free checke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The combination of atrazine, pendimethalin, and tembotrione with ZT-M+BM resulted in higher maize productivity (6.88 t/ha) and profitability ( 116,570/ha), comparable to the weed-free check”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrating zero tillage with Sesbania brown manure and a pre- plus post-emergence herbicide sequence is recommended for weed control and maize productivity.
- Outcome
- integrating zero tillage with Sesbania brown manuree1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“integrating zero tillage with Sesbania brown manure, and pre-emergence application of atrazine + pendimethalin followed by post-emergence tembotrione is recommended for effective weed control and high maize productivity”
e2“An experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the efficacy of brown manuring (BM) using Sesbania plants in controlling weeds and improving productivity in conservation agriculture-based maize”
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See all 73 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.