Abstract
Introduction: The application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is an important factors affecting the quality of rice, and different nitrogen-efficient rice varieties show significant differences in their response to nitrogen and phosphorus application. Methods: In this experiment, a low-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Deyou 4727) and a high-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Jingyou 781) were selected, and the changes in rice quality and differences in starch structure under nitrogen-phosphorus interaction treatments were determined. Results: Appearance, flavor, starch content and thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size were significantly influenced by variety, nitrogen-phosphorus interactions, and their interaction effects. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on quality was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer. The whiteness and chalkiness rates of Deyou 4727 first decreased and then increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, wheras the appearance quality of Jingyou 781 increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. Starch crystallinity in Deyou 4727 first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, whereas starch crystallinity in Jingyou 781 increased continuously with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. The application of phosphorus fertilizer led to an increase in starch crystallinity in both nitrogen-efficient rice varieties, consistent with the response of different rice varieties to nitrogen and phosphorus in terms of appearance and chalkiness. With the increasing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, the differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of starch became more significant. Discussion: High-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can significantly improve appearance quality under high nitrogen conditions, and the interactions of medium-high nitrogen and low-medium phosphorus can lead to a significant decrease in starch thermal parameters and retention rate, thus improving rice cooking quality. Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can also improve the quality of rice under low-medium-nitrogen conditions with appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizer.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Appearance, flavor and starch content of rice were significantly influenced by variety and nitrogen-phosphorus interactions.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- nitrogen-phosphorus interactionse1
- Outcome
- Appearance, flavor, starch contente1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Appearance, flavor, starch content and thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size were significantly influenced by variety, nitrogen-phosphorus interactions, and their interaction effects”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size of rice were significantly influenced by variety and nitrogen-phosphorus interactions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen-phosphorus interactionse1
- Outcome
- thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and sizee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Appearance, flavor, starch content and thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size were significantly influenced by variety, nitrogen-phosphorus interactions, and their interaction effects”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on rice quality was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizere1
- Outcome
- qualitye1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- phosphorus fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on quality was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Whiteness and chalkiness rates of Deyou 4727 first decreased and then increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Deyou 4727e1
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer applicatione1
- Outcome
- whiteness and chalkiness ratese1
- Direction
- first decreased and then increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The whiteness and chalkiness rates of Deyou 4727 first decreased and then increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Appearance quality of Jingyou 781 increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Jingyou 781e1
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer applicatione1
- Outcome
- appearance qualitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the appearance quality of Jingyou 781 increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch crystallinity of Deyou 4727 first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Deyou 4727e1
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer applicatione1
- Outcome
- starch crystallinitye1
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Starch crystallinity in Deyou 4727 first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch crystallinity of Jingyou 781 increased continuously with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Jingyou 781e1
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer applicatione1
- Outcome
- starch crystallinitye1
- Direction
- increased continuouslye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“starch crystallinity in Jingyou 781 increased continuously with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilizer application increased starch crystallinity in both nitrogen-efficient rice varieties.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- nitrogen-efficient rice varietiese1
- Treatment
- application of phosphorus fertilizere1
- Outcome
- starch crystallinitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The application of phosphorus fertilizer led to an increase in starch crystallinity in both nitrogen-efficient rice varieties”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of rice starch became more significant with increasing nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of starche1
- Direction
- became more significante1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“With the increasing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, the differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of starch became more significant”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-high nitrogen combined with low-medium phosphorus can lead to a significant decrease in starch thermal parameters and retention rate, improving rice cooking quality.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- interactions of medium-high nitrogen and low-medium phosphoruse1
- Outcome
- starch thermal parameters and retention ratee1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the interactions of medium-high nitrogen and low-medium phosphorus can lead to a significant decrease in starch thermal parameters and retention rate, thus improving rice cooking quality”
t0“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can improve rice quality under low-medium nitrogen with appropriate phosphorus fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varietiese1
- Treatment
- appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizere1
- Outcome
- quality of ricee1
- Direction
- improvee1
- Qualifier
- under low-medium-nitrogen conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can also improve the quality of rice under low-medium-nitrogen conditions with appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizer”
t0“quality of rice”
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