Abstract
This study investigates how various intercropping systems involving cereals and legumes affect the phenotypic characteristics of Bt cotton. Understanding that intercropping can improve agricultural sustainability and production, we grew Bt cotton alongside various cereal and leguminous crops in several field tests. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of different cotton based intercropping systems under rainfed conditions on important phenotypic characteristics of cotton, including dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and boll weight in black calcareous soil under rainfed conditions. The experiment conducted at Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat during kharif 2022-23 and 2023-24 with randomized block design with fifteen treatments, involving sole and intercropping systems of groundnut, sunflower, pearl millet, maize and soybean with cotton in 1:1 row proportion. According to our research, intercropping legumes like green gram, black gram and groundnut significantly improved cotton phenotypic characteristics as compare to other intercropping systems by increasing soil fertility and lowering insect burden. Dry matter per plant at 60, 90 DAS, at harvest and average boll weight were found significantly higher under sole cotton except 30 DAS during both the years of experimentation and in pooled results. Among different intercropping systems, the cotton + green gram (T14) intercropping recorded the highest dry matter, CGR and average boll weight while the lowest was recorded with the cotton + maize (T12) intercropping system. Overall, the findings show that while cereal-based systems necessitate careful management to balance competition and resource consumption, incorporating legumes into Bt cotton agriculture can provide significant agronomic benefits, including higher growth and yield. This study emphasises how crucial it is to choose the right intercrops in order to maximise the productivity and efficiency of Bt cotton systems.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Legume intercrops improved cotton phenotypic traits versus other intercropping systems.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- intercropping legumes like green gram, black gram and groundnute0
- Outcome
- cotton phenotypic characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- other intercropping systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intercropping legumes like green gram, black gram and groundnut significantly improved cotton phenotypic characteristics as compare to other intercropping systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole cotton had higher dry matter at 60 and 90 days and harvest.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- sole cottone0
- Outcome
- Dry matter per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- 60, 90 DAS, at harveste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter per plant at 60, 90 DAS, at harvest and average boll weight were found significantly higher under sole cotton except 30 DAS during both the years of experimentation and in pooled results”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole cotton had higher average boll weight.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- sole cottone0
- Outcome
- average boll weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter per plant at 60, 90 DAS, at harvest and average boll weight were found significantly higher under sole cotton except 30 DAS during both the years of experimentation and in pooled results”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton with green gram gave the highest dry matter and crop growth rate among intercrops.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- cotton + green gram (T14)e0
- Outcome
- dry matter, CGRe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- cotton + maize (T12)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cotton + green gram (T14) intercropping recorded the highest dry matter, CGR and average boll weight while the lowest was recorded with the cotton + maize (T12) intercropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton with green gram gave the highest average boll weight among intercrops.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- cotton + green gram (T14)e0
- Outcome
- average boll weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- cotton + maize (T12)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cotton + green gram (T14) intercropping recorded the highest dry matter, CGR and average boll weight while the lowest was recorded with the cotton + maize (T12) intercropping system”
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